{"entities":{"Q1014048":{"pageid":1015896,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1014048","lastrevid":66541578,"modified":"2026-04-12T10:49:47Z","type":"item","id":"Q1014048","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Convergence of Markov chains in information divergence"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5547300"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$8123F82A-0ABF-4E1D-9E70-9517200A7438","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"bbd4692ba3a8cdbf5d55ee7064f0d39711a42f18","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Convergence of Markov chains in information divergence","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$3C230AFA-AC96-4A51-AF19-559838D6692F","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"bec889acb29121362c066bf5d8edd551397393ac","datavalue":{"value":"1169.60016","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$B5C00700-C20E-4156-BBA9-B55958A1D942","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"35e93d39d857a9302e7b1f09bf13a9c51dca66ab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":537446,"id":"Q537446"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$2492292A-B4C8-4C8E-B5A8-15E5C7763CAB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c07e9b9fca843f76fbd462681d8b5ce3df6f6f3a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1014047,"id":"Q1014047"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$379C688C-9686-4F4F-8939-A0447DBD1DB4","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"0767dbe907f2b468d0869434c8ff22ebf5cc56e0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":189069,"id":"Q189069"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$E74312D9-8B7D-4340-A9E0-791733ADC3DC","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"62d8f72b1020afd83d4654c37051e1faed59ff3b","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2009-04-24T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$131EDAF4-070F-4511-98A7-F54FE44BAFA4","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8ca8eeb0a1fddce429ff65791b4509552e0cf331","datavalue":{"value":"Some convergence theorems in probability theory can be reformulated as ``the entropy converges to its maximum''. A. R\u00e9nyi used information divergence to prove convergence of Markov chains to equilibrium on a finite state space. Later I. Csiszar and D. Kendall extended R\u00e9nyi's method to provide convergence on countable state spaces. Here, the authors establish convergence in information divergence for a large class of Markov chains. The basic result is that information divergence is continuous under the formation of the intersection of a decreasing sequence of \\(\\sigma\\)-algebras. The same technique can be used to obtain a classical result of Pinsker about continuity under an increasing sequence of \\(\\sigma\\)-algebras.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$10AF6D37-2713-490B-B8D8-9920A082BE14","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"d73ad5bad752158bd530aae91e6b9fd7d5e79b89","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":590009,"id":"Q590009"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$16A71154-A1F4-408A-886C-DCABF7FDAD49","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1cdf15533e26fc0c4c2e22d28e655c364dfe77a6","datavalue":{"value":"60J10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$C57CA6F9-7CDB-4297-8D03-9FBBF89C25B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e1f144a9ab7064f6f8c78503075f6cd455ea06f6","datavalue":{"value":"94A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$1050A35F-7FFF-484F-B966-32745170A163","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5b42abfb7df685808d166fc80e35f1ce26f302b5","datavalue":{"value":"60B11","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$0566F063-0C55-40FA-B984-EB9F0BCDEEA8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"f49dd74e6cfeea81a6a51567255e1c4853afd305","datavalue":{"value":"60F15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$C1428DE1-84BC-4CA8-BA65-98E09CACB599","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"617969ba5bd07a604e06575ca7e4008d77a3c643","datavalue":{"value":"5547300","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$6938157A-9AFB-4F11-AB74-7E2556D82F36","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0ec9d92b1656b3ef99f49eb6d0828680b4bd334f","datavalue":{"value":"information divergence","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$1759B41A-5D82-4F1D-809D-587D76A5A05F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"eb7b2d90f4b973c51d13696044df0e2994b4d3be","datavalue":{"value":"increasing information","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$9E8F1DC2-0EBF-414B-86EB-6F768019C272","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"e4a868837a3943255e8c78bd5401c728b76e8f11","datavalue":{"value":"decreasing information","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$9866BCE7-C253-471A-8408-793ED882BBEF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"397d9252ef89819a92633d8502b4000f6e56c083","datavalue":{"value":"Markov chain","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$ED04B817-4691-43EF-9F11-255DFF3A90F3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bd79d15e11b879561e9e3c5656d10b0cc54ac39b","datavalue":{"value":"reversible Markov chain","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$C9E7858A-990E-4A16-BCFC-9AB72B7EAB0D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f30e4faf3c3fbc10e337c925e55a5c2abb1f11c9","datavalue":{"value":"ergodic theorems","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$A736817A-BD45-4C1D-AEEC-A7C229CB979D","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$70A281CD-2396-460B-B780-8B3164B197C8","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"8ff4a54999bb79d67e7f55490b2dbc9ab7d6c510","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10959-007-0133-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$BE397F09-815F-45C0-B490-50AA332F647A","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"35c83db8b355a96c83404ab2e3edbedbbc610a76","datavalue":{"value":"W2058409688","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$91500CF7-744B-4976-A290-AB1E8DC4770C","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"11962d24a3f8e8b840033d3e8ed92e537c36acb3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4821035,"id":"Q4821035"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$59D0F468-1539-4D91-A1A0-C67E9F55A962","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4611dc4beaed302d6d7aeda8b5edff14565d5329","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5186515,"id":"Q5186515"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$DAA53E5E-7447-4315-B0A3-D9432D48965B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8e95f27fd26b7a846223d9d5de898e32c1abc0aa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1080263,"id":"Q1080263"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$4A384EB6-6071-4CDA-955E-039C7ABB5318","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"30946780fa62dddbdf88dbcb6d8ea0c424c52769","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5737389,"id":"Q5737389"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$5AE606E4-B31C-4D36-99FF-FB4CA720037B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bfb22f1e3b96afc605b528c20ea24f10d31266e6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5539510,"id":"Q5539510"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$C400CDA5-5E76-4BE1-BB81-0A3A5B071883","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"00f1a4031876c9b5e7845ca8fcfdde7ea05f72b0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1222453,"id":"Q1222453"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$E20B7C6E-3963-4D26-B5FC-DFA7567AB807","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"05f5b6b28c16773b3c683a42debd842f4a9c1e2b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":796884,"id":"Q796884"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$483398A6-C7D1-4271-8C08-9DCC11BD44C3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58a9b7192a8046639e63a50eab0475b3ae2bf82c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4680110,"id":"Q4680110"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$6D903FCF-C671-4144-8DE0-6C101342E43C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a93a402f815c1de14ffac91589bda81ea0295cc5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3291935,"id":"Q3291935"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$7AE58C7C-1D1F-4CC5-8DF5-D1A89100DB69","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"237811f84aa1e01f768c0f061eb045c01ae6ab6b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4544641,"id":"Q4544641"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$D6D73909-5E42-490C-A8BC-FAFFFCAB3840","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"302aa49fe9379d53934162aebe82f809dcd320b8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3158591,"id":"Q3158591"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$107ACF97-72A5-483A-9238-D0A82C14F4CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5afd4613ccb4c6f4d29d1df8d96253f24bc07a18","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1881640,"id":"Q1881640"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$2B8A6E24-CEB3-455D-A186-6718CE5C4FC5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"be56a307fe678abf4efbc278dc7d008928f7ba94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2394086,"id":"Q2394086"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$B26F6D5A-A35C-4A8A-8C57-D7EFFE9C81A6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5d464f3889f184408bcce79c4c6b71316a990c7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3547166,"id":"Q3547166"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$EFD40A50-4B4C-444E-B23C-248EAA3ED2ED","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"85cb5d6aea11f3ed4bea5fca53e5c252471ce228","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3289420,"id":"Q3289420"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$3F5059D1-4587-4E15-BAEF-98B14BED014F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"997e073fe3fbd76b223a4b7aff5d868e41932ae1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3774632,"id":"Q3774632"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$3A506F35-76A6-4B2A-8010-D1C26748F8B8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"852f12bb9898084b15633716bf49a93c6b0baf10","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4047443,"id":"Q4047443"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$2F34276D-7675-468A-AB1B-44D39C276EF7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"78701ea1d752876b3af97d677f45a50743dc8280","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4184753,"id":"Q4184753"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$67A2D274-9CDC-4082-8D31-D43D280E925E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"d18c3ebed9f9cb039196316ec59512e72ba3834a","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S10959-007-0133-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1014048$7E85F28D-36B8-48CD-BF47-26D840B74577","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3bc7bdc0f96e522031e0fd6aa2424204251b2f84","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3640955,"id":"Q3640955"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9c72165aef62cbf166c0c772d47b987d63249640","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7863172292709351","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1014048$079995F1-D82F-4B96-A355-6A5B6261FD89","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1ac5002b63dbb87c97f4e1937c7ce6522b4603dc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1080267,"id":"Q1080267"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"38fdab80b540031b08582b05afa177e2b2a55ae1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7680439949035645","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1014048$A88E31DF-91FA-48E1-B00D-BD9B9DA3C929","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1748d6f05d460095c776e05f5d8408504bac1c13","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3073368,"id":"Q3073368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2ab62cc1f9b4bcd5a8656c35dc2bd74c5b13dd27","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7639358639717102","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1014048$943BFB23-39AE-40F0-BBCC-7005606A7513","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0eda70d9c6fed1fa5f88845037af48eb68a7192f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4894080,"id":"Q4894080"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ae27c1ec5296eab7702af6bf56d8e04136095c34","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7591902017593384","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1014048$DB12A0FE-8C1F-4776-B2C8-7C115C69467B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"86a57c4bf88876f61d58f38586b387381e083fd1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3488969,"id":"Q3488969"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e1ae4926a16deba18c45496e7b39facbd4fe4367","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7563719153404236","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1014048$71E12707-FBCC-4119-848D-AD1C78C6A454","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Convergence of Markov chains in information divergence","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Convergence_of_Markov_chains_in_information_divergence"}}}}}