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In other words,   \\[ X=\\text{proj}_{N\\in \\mathbb{N}} \\text{ind} _{n \\in \\mathbb{ N}} X_{N,n}, \\]  where all \\( X_{N,n}\\) are Banach spaces and the linking maps \\(\\imath _{N,n}: X_{N,n} \\to X_{N,n+1}\\) are compact. Many spaces arising in analysis are (PLS)-spaces, as for instance the space \\({\\mathcal A}(\\Omega)\\) of real analytic functions or the space \\({\\mathcal D}'(\\Omega)\\) of distributions on a open subset of \\(\\mathbb{ R}^d,\\) all Fr\u00e9chet-Schwartz spaces or the kernel of a surjective convolution operator on a non-quasi-analytic class of Roumieu type.   The main result of the paper under review characterizes those (PLS)-spaces \\(X\\) with the property that the ultrabornological space \\(X^{ub}\\) associated to \\(X\\) can be represented as the inductive limit of a sequence of Fr\u00e9chet-Schwartz spaces. The characterization is given in terms of a new linear topological invariant in the category of (PLS)-spaces which is introduced in this paper: \\(X\\) is called a tame (PLS)-space if there exists \\(\\psi: \\mathbb{N} \\to \\mathbb{N}\\) with the property that  \\[ \\forall x \\in X \\;\\exists N_0 \\in \\mathbb{N} \\;\\forall N \\geq N_0: \\phi_x(N) \\leq \\psi(N), \\]  where \\(\\phi_x(N):=\\text{min} \\{n: \\imath _Nx \\in X_{N,n} \\}.\\) Each Fr\u00e9chet-Schwartz space is a tame (PLS)-space (although it need not be tame in the category of Fr\u00e9chet spaces), whereas \\({\\mathcal A}(\\Omega)\\) or \\({\\mathcal D}'(\\Omega)\\) are not tame (PLS)-spaces.  The last section is devoted to power series (PLS)-spaces. Using the characterization of tame (PLS)-spaces, the author describes power series (PLS)-spaces which are (LFS)-spaces. More precisely, given \\(\\alpha =(\\alpha _j)\\) and \\(\\beta =(\\beta _j)\\) nonnegative sequences of scalars with   \\[ \\lim_{j \\to \\infty}\\alpha _j=\\lim_{j \\to \\infty}\\beta _j = \\infty \\]   and sequences \\(r_n \\leq r_{n+1} \\rightarrow r, \\, s_n \\leq s_{n+1} \\rightarrow s,\\) where \\(r, \\, s \\in \\{0, + \\infty \\},\\) consider the matrix \\(A=(a_{j,N,n})\\) defined by   \\[ a_{j,N,n}=\\text{e}^{r_N \\alpha _j-s_n\\beta _j}, \\]  and the K\u00f6the type (PLS)-space \\(\\Lambda^p(A)\\), denoted by \\(\\Lambda^p_{r,s}(\\alpha, \\beta)\\) [cf.\\ \\textit{D.\\ Vogt}, Proc.\\ NATO Adv.\\ Res.\\ Workshop, Istanbul/Turkey 1988, NATO ASI Ser., Ser.\\,C 287, 11--27 (1989; Zbl 0711.46006)]. Then it is shown that \\(\\Lambda^p_{r,s}(\\alpha, \\beta)\\) is topologically an (LFS)-space if and only if it is a product of a (FS)-space and an 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