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The author develops the Koosis approach to the Carleson theorem and related topics. Let \\(\\zeta=\\{\\zeta_j\\}_{j=1}^N\\) and \\(w=\\{w_j\\}_{j=1}^N\\) be two finite sets of complex numbers with mutually distinct \\(\\zeta_j\\), \\(\\Im\\zeta_j>0\\), for all \\(j\\). The Pick problem is to find a function \\(f\\) which is analytic in the upper half-plane \\(\\mathbb C_+\\) such that \\(f(\\zeta_j)=w_j\\) for all \\(j\\) and \\(\\sup_{\\mathbb C_+}|f|\\leq1\\). The Pick theorem asserts that this problem can be solved iff \\(D_wU_{\\zeta}\\overline D_w\\leq U_{\\zeta}\\) for the certain matrix \\(U_{\\zeta}\\) and the diagonal matrix \\(D_w\\) with diagonal entries \\(w_1,\\dots,w_N\\). Let \\(M_{\\zeta}\\) denote the least number \\(M\\in[1,\\infty]\\) for which the Pick problem has a solution for all \\(w\\) satisfying \\(|w_j|\\leq M^{-1}\\), \\(j=1,\\dots,N\\).   In Section 2, the author introduces a matrix \\(A_{\\zeta}=\\Lambda U_{\\zeta}\\overline{\\Lambda}\\), where \\(\\Lambda\\) is an invertible diagonal matrix. The author's approach is based on the properties: (1) \\(A_{\\zeta}^{-1}=\\overline A_{\\zeta}\\); (2) the Pick theorem remains valid if \\(U_{\\zeta}\\) is replaced by \\(A_{\\zeta}\\); (3) roughly speaking, \\(A_{\\zeta}\\) is invariant under conformal automorphisms of \\(\\mathbb C_+\\). Theorem 2.8 states that \\(M_{\\zeta}=\\|A_{\\zeta}\\|\\). In Section 3, estimates of \\(\\|A_{\\zeta}\\|\\) are obtained. In Section 4, the matrix method is applied to obtain sufficient interpolation conditions. In Section 5, \\(A_{\\zeta}\\) is used in a proof of the Beurling theorem. In Section 6, it is shown that \\(A_{\\zeta}\\) is closely connected with some problems for the Hardy class \\(H^2\\) in \\(\\mathbb C_+\\). In Section 7, the behavior of \\(A_{\\zeta}\\) under conformal automorphisms of \\(\\mathbb C_+\\) is studied. In Section 8, the author establishes simple properties of self-adjoint matrices \\(A\\) satisfying \\(A^{-1}=\\overline A\\). Matrices of the form \\(A_{\\zeta}\\) are investigated in Section 9. In particular, a positive self-adjoint matrix \\(A=\\{a_{jk}\\}_{j,k=1}^N\\) with non-zero entries is represented as \\(A=A_{\\zeta}\\) iff \\(A^{-1}=\\overline A\\) and \\(\\text{rank}\\{a_{jk}^{-1}\\}_{j,k=1}^N=2\\). Concluding remarks are given in Section 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