{"entities":{"Q1037598":{"pageid":1039446,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1037598","lastrevid":66603162,"modified":"2026-04-12T11:14:16Z","type":"item","id":"Q1037598","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"What is a truth value and how many are there?"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5633559"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$ECFEA288-F300-4A8E-A955-C2CEE303DB97","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"5ed4300ec8481362e04a5a10abbf33a46df94420","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"What is a truth value and how many are there?","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$D5366550-FADF-4A02-BEE6-41E09306CF6C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"e4e2854c5828090da035c855d2958a115affcd0a","datavalue":{"value":"1186.03008","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$02DDD3A1-9C8E-4D92-80DA-303E44F570AA","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"8da320e907c5d7012bc1041a7f1bbeafbc077d02","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":558730,"id":"Q558730"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$35D6C71E-297E-4361-823D-B6AA92BDC302","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e34236ca73b92c6ee0bc17431d03c3537a7f0792","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":195358,"id":"Q195358"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$4E825D03-2AE3-44B6-AE0D-1628676D0C77","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"a063ddf8a89ca70cf9f598d7256c305bf346c0e5","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2009-11-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$63BA611C-565D-41F3-AEFF-1CF05067E49F","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"f12ecb835377b0ef244cd68d28e791cad60a9269","datavalue":{"value":"The answer to the first question of the title is, truth values are proxies for relations that hold between language and the world. The answer to the second is, there are as many as there are sets, or, better, there is a proper class of such values. To support these answers, the author draws on the Liar Paradox and the Revenge Problem, the indefinite iteration of the Strengthened Liar, to show that our language is indefinitely extensible, as then is the class of truth values its statements might take. This reveals interesting and significant connections between these so-called semantic paradoxes and the set-theoretic paradoxes.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$566CA518-1183-4764-ADDC-3C0C71F242BE","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"6f6a90c2765c02ad5e37dcfdbed0ddc3c8315703","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":482532,"id":"Q482532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$1B3E1EE4-262D-4057-96AC-BFD36676941B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"48a2830216eefdc24b89ba9895c8f20366f6740d","datavalue":{"value":"03A05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$9159EE71-FCED-4E5D-81F2-D972F5664480","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"76f856d96bda8a18c25bc60e9559c6ae34297c07","datavalue":{"value":"5633559","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$22F4DF45-5B7E-4A05-A3CE-289242195711","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6b360927235b5f5c7fa7de466b9c2c94ed916566","datavalue":{"value":"truth value","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$3745C25A-5175-4B41-B019-D26877D01E9B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0e6a2f67e89bf6f132c0aa5df2fcd166c42c3aa4","datavalue":{"value":"liar paradox","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$A856F29B-C7A9-4941-86B0-BF17CB26127B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"44aec3cb2ff553ec8e61b987c7252224024fd111","datavalue":{"value":"revenge problem","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$A78F5779-B510-4FD1-852D-E1B845511E3A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d968978142d0e2275139a30b48ccf4472e515cc4","datavalue":{"value":"indefinite extensibility","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$29A01F61-47DC-424B-AF66-A9469C360A5F","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$7DC53001-EB6B-45C9-A88A-EE62AF66CCA8","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"8b2d52b9eba2151c887f05b5cebb3ae0fd954bf6","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11225-009-9194-1","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$23EDC946-EF05-4390-9C9E-C6469141740D","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"02e668ee2cc353a2bba49de1c513738929b20230","datavalue":{"value":"W1990988336","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$0A2A0516-D779-4A3D-8013-79D215FD5E0E","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f7c82b93dcbfa49beab905d212878d012544775","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4856189,"id":"Q4856189"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$8AB05E4F-EA7B-4CBA-8DC8-33A7C1B621F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"505934f239764a448f53660aee28756b7b008a6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4523164,"id":"Q4523164"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$CF183DED-FCA4-452B-9FF2-8DFA878F8127","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0dff60391c96483608c5f67c369e50646c57cab5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2854363,"id":"Q2854363"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$8032B891-5007-4C95-B3E9-8C702ACEE3B4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"640671d581870095f9548850c94fc8baa41c5d66","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3508741,"id":"Q3508741"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$5385A366-848B-463C-A4F3-CCF2B27EA4D3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e7fd7647055319cad40b5953cf3bfe9f87332e7f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5761282,"id":"Q5761282"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$FED7DF36-A222-4670-BD20-25D4C32F3394","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"590fb03f83505495cd41974d09b0e8ae98a0759d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2707475,"id":"Q2707475"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$DE8D11D0-AA06-48A4-AA51-B9995BF403C8","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"11eded70a035f53ce9a465b45b80a33938ddc0a3","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/S11225-009-9194-1","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1037598$EE22E90C-AB67-4AB0-B43C-CD146E3EFFD2","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7190db74fdbb013e9bed9b8f09f6ef7feb1b59e3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":700692,"id":"Q700692"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0bfc038cd6acad1884488387a6fe012cc20e3599","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7722589","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$DA035080-6542-4299-BE74-B50C1338ADB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1795f0c48e90adb95078f294162246b2d30e3d50","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4640178,"id":"Q4640178"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7bce4cb1133fec8fd5f7f057e21f939c7b66d145","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7674797","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$F50A12C3-1940-49EE-B32D-EF8A45A92144","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7f7498c21179d3fa3720549407b2b20291344ecd","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4458715,"id":"Q4458715"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"caaf804810e2bea0131cd786e964351113a8a7f1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.75297177","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$1834DD09-B2D5-4B34-B6BB-24F6F99A5173","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"78b6ac4ded833dd2f232a9eaf80706c8d5160832","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1015489,"id":"Q1015489"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"57bb4432260da2d21bdefa644301ffc2aad98e79","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7485791","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$C9EBC04E-CBC9-4F5E-BE6F-295BA244CA95","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"03545b597ae5305fe29ec3b4351fc205009eafd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1709093,"id":"Q1709093"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1e7e8e254298c5fd8547abe9be5e3a317eec0672","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7404736","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$68B7EBE6-060A-40DF-98C7-78410CD99AC7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"450c3f9f479b4050ed9c2588ff91e4951848db68","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5498640,"id":"Q5498640"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0cf49e06815722de73e554180c4768fb3a2a50d3","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73470175","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$4D64D151-04A8-4E38-9C06-57DC8652BFDA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"08d11ef8dcd23100115035d0b384fdb09d2af1ed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3834034,"id":"Q3834034"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d21893baf4dc4e3fa512358088ba41354ce615df","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.73354423","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$82FD0B73-3F5F-466E-AF8C-C2FA4A40B94C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7d62fef2acf3a115579e6a10993df9fe8e90d942","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4981446,"id":"Q4981446"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b69789e2e5cb396bc070165d62b3fc38728f31ba","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7330662","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1037598$513466F3-19EE-4CFE-A14D-B7B75CEBDCBF","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"What is a truth value and how many are there?","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/What_is_a_truth_value_and_how_many_are_there%3F"}}}}}