{"entities":{"Q1038528":{"pageid":1040376,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1038528","lastrevid":69486375,"modified":"2026-04-13T07:19:51Z","type":"item","id":"Q1038528","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Drapeau theorem for differential systems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5634923"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$8397DBA7-F825-499C-B9DC-1F1D8E18A04B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"fd524399751fb0156a7ebeac9604ab70158e7494","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Drapeau theorem for differential systems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$2545739F-2A11-4C95-B6C5-D8291702CE0A","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"e2606f90f88124f07e3fd1eca453196903d980a7","datavalue":{"value":"1182.58003","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$3774E944-4546-41C0-A963-B3D0E4FCA836","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c7a0386dbd50292084bbe8b0c206c29377e0543e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":411708,"id":"Q411708"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$DE6FE227-DB83-4C61-8031-1202474FD348","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e259e5668a3a09e7bb96f12780e9c4794756f81d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1038527,"id":"Q1038527"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$39B14235-6614-416D-B75E-489BF2446D0F","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"68a3ed507d5c8995654a8a7fc5d1ccd6d4dd26ee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":175532,"id":"Q175532"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$5B402D97-8579-405F-9583-BAB989248BCD","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d854bb3e97b3fd38c10eaa4e7365bd0951b145d2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2009-11-18T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$682ECF5B-FBE4-4240-9B07-F4DCE3D177B5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"bd8e1a54f88e3ba364f56310e0ed6f06f639fb2b","datavalue":{"value":"http://hdl.handle.net/2115/39954","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$CE4CB88C-784F-4533-85D9-EA67901EB035","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9ba6c51b44b8aba42ce1283eb59497e39829e3b3","datavalue":{"value":"This paper is concerned with the drapeau theorem for differential systems. By a differential system \\((R,D)\\), we mean a distribution \\(D\\) on a manifold \\(R\\). The derived system \\(\\partial D\\) is defined, in terms of sections, by \\(\\partial \\mathcal{D}=\\mathcal{D}+[\\mathcal{D},\\mathcal{D}]\\). Moreover higher derived systems \\(\\partial^i D\\) are defined by \\(\\partial^i D =\\partial(\\partial^{i-1} D)\\). The differential system \\((R,D)\\) is called regular if \\(\\partial^i D\\) are subbundles of \\(TR\\) for every \\(i\\geq 1\\). We say that \\((R,D)\\) is an \\(m\\)-flag of length \\(k\\), if \\((R,D)\\) is regular and has a derived length \\(k\\), i.e., \\(\\partial^k D =TR\\), such that \\(\\operatorname{rank}D=m+1\\) and \\(\\operatorname{rank}\\partial^{i} D=\\partial^{i-1}D+m\\) for \\(i=1,\\dots k\\). Especially \\((R,D)\\) is called a Goursat flag (un drapeau Goursat) of length \\(k\\) when \\(m=1\\).   The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the procedure of ``rank 1 prolongation'' of an arbitrary differential system \\((R,D)\\) of rank \\(m+1\\), and to give good criteria for an \\(m\\)-flag of length \\(k\\) to be special. A generalisation of the drapeau theorem for an \\(m\\)-flag of length \\(k\\) for \\(m\\geq 2\\) is proved.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$69A6B291-8877-4B67-9717-309C5C161371","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"50a3bb325f1e5c30650d81f018857649c833628d","datavalue":{"value":"58A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$0DE7F44D-056C-48E2-A0B8-AFB60C9CD43B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c8d648180ce89c070359c6d68de7e8d2be42aded","datavalue":{"value":"53C15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$BE287298-F22D-4F5C-8AAB-F4BD8159B2AD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"fd81b48b61c147628e59c918703c8204f48c9e78","datavalue":{"value":"58A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$772225F1-3C73-4D8B-BF85-91A9040AD7A7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e5bafc35259e17fb947d7f6529d57b74c4da74b7","datavalue":{"value":"58A20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$2AAC1EB5-07D7-4836-AB90-C12BF03C651C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5e94aafaa2f33801917e46c8c822f847901de3e7","datavalue":{"value":"14M15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$B36BD22B-99C5-4C3E-A1CF-6DF932C033C5","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"7e5fd3c4164b672ee5e5b0df018f0a7751cd3f0d","datavalue":{"value":"5634923","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$36F4867B-4457-4A21-A29B-FC1A62FBA93F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2dd8058f518c78282d1f17abdc03b7cf67206c27","datavalue":{"value":"differential system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$9C9AB827-F103-4F50-96F3-E796B552C305","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c8cb5d0c241613162f0023922bbde3f893814750","datavalue":{"value":"Goursat flag","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$EAB4D0FC-A70B-436C-998D-956DDA9DFEC5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"693a832678d4f4ade9949ea630b49fdcbd9dba87","datavalue":{"value":"\\(m\\)-flag of length \\(k\\)","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$C49CFB1A-0092-402B-98B7-4F83402CDFB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f55c77e42e7a009c9be923be03f42d18d52cf69a","datavalue":{"value":"rank 1 prolongation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$1B96AA5C-2B3E-465B-A272-9E8AFB9B1E4A","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"faec311cf359737563b1e179e0c900e6f982150e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588495,"id":"Q588495"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$1B990989-6D3A-4C5D-9FAA-0DD7072154BC","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$4AA7E2C5-9693-4F3D-8183-7295EAEF851D","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"1ad47b70b2c46b39e0a793d0f8635ee1b09cf4b2","datavalue":{"value":"W2021827427","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$74FEDDAC-D9DA-4F78-BA3F-CDE607D9E4B0","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"5b183d1d22eee65de0cadc1f8fde383f9522262f","datavalue":{"value":"Q115357243","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$D3675870-8378-4160-9EAC-2285F3979B5D","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"07a999cc0d97f1b216061352faa6978252f49694","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":607845,"id":"Q607845"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$335933D4-E47F-455E-8496-82222DC21B44","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6a199bdd651c63734154c92f8efc22aa523c1c3b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3997815,"id":"Q3997815"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$8AD35BA1-CC24-405D-832F-2C11953E2B94","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f77f427d92e9b7d27717c14d5dbcd3681a587db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1319224,"id":"Q1319224"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$DD88C710-F082-4FE1-BC46-2DE29D06B529","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"face21f406cca3de8d4e977a3715538772e0ef04","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4181685,"id":"Q4181685"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$8C3DF323-C9FA-427D-9D83-84E9E78AE727","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c6a211f8a7cac0c41cd89af31234de4e25ba6656","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4545212,"id":"Q4545212"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$70E16850-9F38-4346-86BA-E31830317869","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c1f6e121991bedb39bbb4aff652770e831994d14","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5945802,"id":"Q5945802"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$C298A19C-8364-4AC4-BAEA-901C46EF1630","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7c4e8d7fe15adf337a20a64ccc1d257170ea98f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1424120,"id":"Q1424120"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$7733E8BC-962F-47AC-A802-5D93F4423038","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4d0d2f392af9af5fa8ebdebe4acd791293435402","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4829990,"id":"Q4829990"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$966E5517-733A-4010-95E2-CCE828779ACD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4ab31cef333bda9a9d7388e4e54f9fab684c97e4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5960123,"id":"Q5960123"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$5E59F025-E7B7-48EF-8A50-4660158F04B1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eb766cb73f3da9a0ddf098c7a6c771a083b9b605","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3582213,"id":"Q3582213"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$B0326ADD-A93C-4AF6-B745-89DFAA2D51F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"11d77a4125bd1e80cc0bec4d57bc905ed443014e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":842321,"id":"Q842321"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$8C5EB769-E570-4846-9ADF-320ABBB1C854","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"52205ae301c14aa93498de9ae57f4fd62cbe2f80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1258813,"id":"Q1258813"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$013EA421-BE9E-4EB1-AC67-4E9970114596","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ca970252dca6208d5fd30105b0cf95d4c13f754c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3339800,"id":"Q3339800"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$32613B50-CBB3-4F60-BDD8-B46416AE4C04","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2059f45c3a390962a19beaaf26eca5957d6c369c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2266490,"id":"Q2266490"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$87C947C9-AB1C-4246-9300-A08C941C74D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4dfe993a0740a3d331cbb426dd3bec21ce4064d0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4281152,"id":"Q4281152"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$251F26B0-D1E8-4314-A12E-468814D5C13E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e6bd362c79f34141285c53730198617da28b426c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4263098,"id":"Q4263098"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$E5556809-FDD9-445B-8CE7-7752B1A1CF4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"adf84d0b018581b6daae2863b60a27052eca4368","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5455491,"id":"Q5455491"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$BFEC891A-65B4-47AF-808A-E0D58B287864","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"0676dd2f916d6979515a90adccd11058bd8dc1df","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/J.DIFGEO.2009.03.017","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1038528$54A78DDD-8731-41C6-BD7A-6192A075175B","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a81f9877e348f6447cc48a525e427827e955371b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1570439,"id":"Q1570439"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8c4ee96c6e12612d5cc376423504dcf666e177fa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7600151896476746","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1038528$C50BEABD-7331-4712-BEBF-A7E01AA33C2F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"11240016760dcc43333a3cb4f3f6a921212c2c1c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4829990,"id":"Q4829990"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c0b67973020f8bee311db904c5fdc70c3f8de043","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7596611380577087","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1038528$27CA2205-3BA1-4153-BF1D-F09EE71D2651","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"caacdf49a34df7ded22f0b4bea9291acbdd24d15","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2701679,"id":"Q2701679"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"88e8c492ca565ab0cb3e3d9ac450d8deede770af","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7359539866447449","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1038528$06C111A0-80BA-46F7-B997-FA04BF458580","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e385f18fc81e2c0f0037825e915c48f522775463","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5945802,"id":"Q5945802"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e779e36e4ce2edd567e9b1788d8fef4d8662f18d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.721435010433197","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1038528$C1790F64-E83A-4844-949B-94F0C0D6FA62","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"64fce5222322b982503cd8597e8769d1914c6fab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5389541,"id":"Q5389541"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4c59d500275c2801a94a15505038e206837f89b2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7185484170913696","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1038528$9F12620F-A54D-4754-B020-B213592BC69B","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Drapeau theorem for differential systems","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Drapeau_theorem_for_differential_systems"}}}}}