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Let \\(\\Sigma\\) be that exterior differential system on the space \\(J_{\\ell}\\) of \\(\\ell\\)-jets of unknown functions which is canonically constructed in such a way that the solutions of \\(R_{\\ell}\\) correspond to its n-dimensional integral manifolds (solution manifolds of \\(R_{\\ell})\\). First, some new aspect of the notion of Monge characteristics for \\(R_{\\ell}\\) is clarified, introducing the notion of Monge characteristic vectors. It is shown that, for a system \\(R_{\\ell}\\) to which the theory may be successfully applied, one can construct several Pfaffian systems on \\(J_{\\ell}\\) each of which possesses these properties: (i) It is composed of all the Pfaffian equations in \\(\\Sigma\\) and several Pfaffian equations linearly independent from them, (ii) one has a method of constructing a family of its integral curves generating any given solution manifold. In dealing with Monge characteristics, a module M called the characteristic module of \\(R_{\\ell}\\) is introduced. It is a submodule of a certain Noetherian module L over a polynomial ring R in n variables. It is an irredundant primary decomposition \\(M=\\cap^{\\nu}_{j=1}Q_ j\\) in L that play a fundamental role. Let \\(Q_ j\\) be \\({\\mathfrak P}_ j\\)-primary. The ideals \\({\\mathfrak P}_ j\\) in R define the characteristic variety of \\(R_{\\ell}\\). If the Cartan characters \\(s_ i\\) of the system \\(R_{\\ell}\\) satisfy \\(s_ p>0\\), \\(s_{p+1}=...=s_ n=0\\), then the maximum of \\(proj \\dim {\\mathfrak P}_ j\\) is equal to p-1. The notion of Monge characteristics is then used to deduce an existence theorem of \\(C^{\\infty}\\) local solutions for an involutive system \\(R_{\\ell}\\) satisfying these conditions: \\(s_ 1>0\\), \\(s_ 2=...=s_ n=0\\), the zeros of the homogeneous ideals \\({\\mathfrak P}_ j\\) are all real, and \\({\\mathfrak P}_ jL\\subset Q_ j\\) \\((j=1,...,\\nu)\\). This existence theorem may be applied, in particular, to a strictly hyperbolic involutive system, that is, a system whose characteristic projective variety is composed of \\(s_ 1\\) real distinct 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