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Die Primzahlen mit der Titeleigenschaft (kurz ''elit\u00e4re'' genannt) sind nun diese, bei denen quadratische Reste h\u00f6chstens nur in der Vorperiode vorkommen. Als solche sind schon seit langem 3, 5 und 7 bekannt; dann folgt 41 und als n\u00e4chste erst 15 361. Naturgem\u00e4\u00df ist die Aussicht auf elit\u00e4re Primzahlen bei kurzen Perioden gr\u00f6\u00dfer. Die Periodenl\u00e4nge h wird in zweifacher Weise durch die Ordnung des Restes 2 in einer multiplikativen Gruppe bestimmt: \\(h=ord 2\\) mod (max. ungerader Teiler von (ord 2 mod p)). F\u00fcr weitere elit\u00e4re Primzahlen mu\u00df notwendig (nicht hinreichend !) \\(h\\geq 4\\) und \u00fcberdies gerade sein. 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