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In particular, the question is raised as to how Newton arrived at the result that an ordinary pendulum, of length equal to the vertical height of a conical pendulum, oscillated with the same period. The author suggests that he obtained the result by considering the limiting case of infinitesimal amplitude, and then applying Galileo's principle (which is not strictly true) that the period is independent of the amplitude. The conical pendulum was thus used as a theoretical device to define the centrifugal force, while the actual measurements were based on experiments with an ordinary pendulum.    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