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Soit \\(<n>=\\{1,2,...,n\\}\\), o\u00f9 n est un entier positif. Soit F le corps des r\u00e9els \\({\\mathbb{R}}\\) ou celui des complexes \\({\\mathbb{C}}\\). Soit \\(F^{n,n_ 1}\\), ensemble de toutes les matrices carr\u00e9es de taille \\(n\\times n\\) sur F. Pour toute matrice A de \\(F^{n,n}\\) et toute partie \\(\\alpha\\) de \\(<n>\\) soit A[\\(\\alpha\\) ] la sous-matrice principale de A dont les lignes et les colonnes sont index\u00e9es par \\(\\alpha\\) et soit \\(\\sigma\\) (A) le spectre de A. Pour \\(A\\in {\\mathbb{C}}^{n,n}\\), le nombre \\(\\ell (A)\\) est d\u00e9fini par les conditions \\(\\ell (A)=\\min \\{\\sigma (A)\\cap {\\mathbb{R}}\\}\\) si \\(\\sigma (A)\\cap {\\mathbb{R}}\\neq \\emptyset\\) et \\(\\ell (A)=\\infty\\) si \\(\\sigma (A)\\cap {\\mathbb{R}}=\\emptyset\\). Une matrice \\(A\\in {\\mathbb{C}}^{n,n}\\) est appel\u00e9e \\(\\omega\\)-matrice si \\(\\ell (A[\\alpha])<\\infty\\) pour tout \\(\\alpha \\subseteq <n>\\), \\(\\alpha\\) \\(\\neq \\emptyset\\) et si \\(\\ell (A[\\alpha])\\leq \\ell (A[\\beta])\\) pour tout \\(\\alpha,\\beta \\subseteq <n>\\), \\(\\emptyset \\neq \\beta \\subseteq \\alpha\\). Une \\(\\omega\\)-matrice est appel\u00e9e \\(\\tau\\)-matrice si on a encore \\(\\ell (A)\\geq 0\\). En soumettant les transformations lin\u00e9aires L \u00e0 certaines restrictions, les AA. \u00e9tablissent sept th\u00e9or\u00e8mes caract\u00e9risant les applications de la classe des \\(\\omega\\)- matrices et celle des \\(\\tau\\)-matrices en elles-m\u00eames et ils cherchent \u00e9galement les applications de ces classes sur 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