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An analogue of a theorem of Peano's, which dealt with differentiation of solutions of (1) with respect to initial conditions, is proved. In establishing this analogue, given a solution y(x) of (1), consideration is also given to solutions of the variational equation along y(x) which is defined by  \\[  (2)\\quad Z^{(n)}=\\sum^{n}_{i=1}\\frac{\\partial f}{\\partial y_ i}(x,y(x),y'(x)),...,y^{(n-1)}(x))Z^{(i-1)}.  \\]  The main theorem is as follows: Theorem: Let \\(2\\leq k\\leq n\\) be given and let \\(m_ 1,...,m_ k\\) be positive integers such that \\(\\sum^{k}_{i=1}m_ i=n\\). Assume that (1) and the variational equation (2) along all solutions y(x) of (1) are \\((m_ 1,...,m_ k)\\) disconjugate on (a,b). Let u(x) be a solution of (1) with maximal interval of existence (a,\\(\\omega)\\)(a,b). Let \\(\\alpha <x_ 1<...<x_ k<\\omega\\) be given, so that \\(u(x)=u(x;x_ 1,...,x_ k,u_{01},...,u_{m_{\\bar k}1,k})\\), where \\(u^{(i)}(x_ j)=u_{ij}\\), \\(0\\leq i\\leq m_ j-1\\), \\(1\\leq j\\leq k\\). Then (a) For each \\(1\\leq \\ell \\leq k\\) and \\(0\\leq r\\leq m_{\\ell}-1\\), \\(\\partial u/\\partial u_{r_{\\ell}}\\) exists on (\\(\\alpha\\),\\(\\omega)\\) and \\(y_{r_{\\ell}}\\equiv \\partial u/\\partial u_{r_{\\ell}}\\) is the solution of the variational equation (2) along u(x) and satisfies the boundary conditions \\(y_{r_{\\ell}}^{(i)}(x_ j)=0\\), \\(0\\leq i\\leq m_ j-1\\), \\(1\\leq j\\leq k\\), \\(j\\neq \\ell\\), \\(y_{r_{\\ell}}^{(i)}(x,\\ell)=0\\), \\(0\\leq i\\leq m_{\\ell}-1\\), \\(i\\neq r\\), and \\(y_{r_{\\ell}}^{(r)}(x_{\\ell})=1\\); (b) For each \\(1\\leq \\ell \\leq k\\), \\(\\partial u/\\partial x_{\\ell}\\) exists on (\\(\\alpha\\),\\(\\omega)\\) and \\(z\\equiv \\partial u/\\partial x_{\\ell}\\) is the solution for the variational equation (2) along u(x) and satisfies the boundary conditions \\(z^{(i)}(x_ j)=0\\), \\(0\\leq i\\leq m_ j-1\\), \\(1\\leq j\\leq k\\), \\(j\\neq \\ell\\), and \\(z_{\\ell}^{(i)}(x_{\\ell})=-u^{(i+1)}(x_{\\ell}),\\) \\(0\\leq i\\leq m_{\\ell}-1\\); and (c) For each \\(1\\leq \\ell \\leq k\\), \\((\\partial u/\\partial x)(x)=-\\sum^{m-1,\\ell}_{r=0}u^{(r+1)}(x_{\\ell})u/\\partial 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