{"entities":{"Q1092473":{"pageid":1103225,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1092473","lastrevid":69622872,"modified":"2026-04-13T08:16:34Z","type":"item","id":"Q1092473","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"James numbers"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4020026"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$DA43A7D8-A519-4C0E-9209-8CEC83699FDC","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"d706e74db68257a27c956c7a34c6329b91f67262","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"James numbers","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$1E309981-2050-4CDD-8516-97C881C83493","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"e82c769d5e37187170bdf6baaac059b634553191","datavalue":{"value":"0627.57026","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$6BE052F6-9D98-4A70-9ED8-FEEAD4DE82FF","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"4c905eb0c427fa32b95c284f260b2d16d0c211f3","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01460042","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$EC54BF3C-EE7C-4595-82F8-6717773B44C1","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"83acb26c132edffe3503227fdedd09777c685939","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1060191,"id":"Q1060191"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$4CE47509-8353-4E5C-B7D9-FDCB5F1DB1A2","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"7016073dc3661ad2b8fcf740b72e135f31d59f23","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166142,"id":"Q166142"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$B1277F92-5CAB-433D-A3EF-52ACA38DCA7A","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"31a1937240ca4a323604b4728c31d242b5596d7c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1988-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$62A1F418-061B-4555-8F07-2E8B8DD7A5F4","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"28edd94c3b51e564ba346f5149f2a370869160c5","datavalue":{"value":"https://eudml.org/doc/164470","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$FD900252-3D16-4287-AD30-12883E43C793","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"9800ce6cdc344ea0f754ee08577df2c76c47c49d","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(W_{n,k}\\) denote the complex Stiefel manifold of orthogonal k- frames in \\({\\mathbb{C}}^ n\\) and \\(q: W_{n,k}\\to W_{n,1}=S^{2n-1}\\) the canonical projection. Define the unstable James number \u016a(n,k) to be the index of \\(q_ *(\\pi _{2n-1}(W_{n,k}))\\) in \\(\\pi _{2n-1}(W_{n,1})\\) and the stable James number U(n,k) similarly by replacing homotopy by stable homotopy. Then U(n,k) divides \u016a(n,k) and in the stable range \\(n\\geq 2k-1\\) the two numbers are equal. The complete computation of these numbers is still an unsolved problem.    In a series of papers the authors obtained results closely related to James numbers but set up in a different context. These results allow the computation of U(n,k) in a large range of dimensions. The present paper, which may be read as an introduction to this series, contains the basic material on James numbers, a description and translation of the results of the other papers in the series as they apply to James numbers, and some applications of these computations exemplifying the geometrical significance of James numbers.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$C59A9EF8-3D6D-4F06-AF10-F0CF9B24A210","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"f86bba683f8652221b35c60e3e4e83e237d6bb5a","datavalue":{"value":"57T20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$08E5C495-2918-46C8-B4D6-3D65F46CC736","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"50dcfe89858cb0542f5ec2c057808128c0888c42","datavalue":{"value":"55Q52","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$E566886C-1C8F-45F8-BAFD-0A841BC7892E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"fd73a59e885865a4afa38d7bc607b31c8663d61e","datavalue":{"value":"55Q10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$FB6AD64C-B1A0-4284-A4D0-FCB24B97E4BB","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b7f3625bbe60dc9a032cbd580393a6efacfdfaec","datavalue":{"value":"4020026","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$912ED3BC-FD1B-448C-A04F-5A25C7079936","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d010bbc9d658a2cfb19b8aba3f9add0031a5437f","datavalue":{"value":"complex Stiefel manifold","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$AFF27C27-AAF0-4920-8D8B-BAFD2E608B5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"c97843e987f73a034ee1375977a6a791f057ae2e","datavalue":{"value":"unstable James number","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$646C2F6A-EE84-42C6-996A-5B0692BC79D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"38f4133249f5b25f1e044850546f3f0b350e2b9c","datavalue":{"value":"stable James number","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$97022F06-B1AD-4722-8BA8-742CFBCFBBCD","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$60CAFEE2-3FE8-421E-87B3-486B78135B77","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a0bd7fe5620d783fc09936e7f52a9415dbc0883d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2521429,"id":"Q2521429"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$94B2FB0C-6916-4288-A2DD-6DC01F43376E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"881976565d1ae71c4d701d6a914472c335e9c38d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4778067,"id":"Q4778067"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$50C21E71-15DF-466E-9CC5-8651A507A0A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"686ce2a1d0c98c0f05afa77f12bf9dddd8ee45a1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1228003,"id":"Q1228003"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$C8091E40-69CC-47C8-82CB-32497895C26D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"88792e6bbbe20ef84346733c1137d1984162d6c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1843993,"id":"Q1843993"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$BB11D439-BE87-47BC-89A0-B998B4990AF1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f7cd7915e13bf7eeca5fe7bb6882595470887b67","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3845883,"id":"Q3845883"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$404CBA5B-2B4E-4D2B-A2DA-F577A47ED873","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"59714c30d4fb7cfc22d1b37460fee77b1f826310","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3886498,"id":"Q3886498"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$8605E3E5-42D0-4CA1-A738-72D7C6E47D49","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5242456eee78b4929484601e6f01d8d8e84d21a5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1067654,"id":"Q1067654"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$70C96283-AFB3-4BB5-B6CF-862BB9C31C4C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d95b7a454112f21bd7c35a89637998bae63834ed","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1079230,"id":"Q1079230"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$E254CE5E-3533-41E2-964B-5F3E0591312B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"619570dff9fa4d3a4db7ee9eabc6f7582afc5560","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3816714,"id":"Q3816714"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$75E063CD-F6AE-4A54-8084-46911FD71EC3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0c684a8c5df936b0245585f897fcb4b12d9ba668","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3763261,"id":"Q3763261"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$1F713E25-5B3D-42F1-A3C6-E83EB00F57BE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"42fc1268a5ace9312841393a6adbbddaaac88580","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3771250,"id":"Q3771250"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$F773D80D-7C56-4415-A403-8A3BD18658CA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fbf2d61ddfef8d22f4af53427e262b11d3f73a34","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4189861,"id":"Q4189861"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$C72C0808-6795-44B4-8F05-256254F12D7E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d66f12db350f26657c40c84f5de071e77408aff4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4721241,"id":"Q4721241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$350CEE0B-1E02-443F-9B5C-31F9BA485251","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"87a75378bdb278eb1ecab59a7ff377d7c44e5824","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":762804,"id":"Q762804"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$C1F9031D-C5AF-4196-A256-311468AADB08","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"197e70dd91dcbf0b63a48dddee02fe142cd6c241","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2526312,"id":"Q2526312"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$1F5732C2-4833-415C-8CC2-8D1F799D8399","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a7ddcef3eaab2d08e0d321ec37787dfb507d56bc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2534108,"id":"Q2534108"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$59496A41-18F6-4BB0-81E3-9809E235F477","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"48a9124a7627645a180a6929ed4d06e515364a8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3738259,"id":"Q3738259"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$21A1D70F-5E2B-4849-AD9C-EFA532DFE66E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"8895ed1127d9dae3e19088ef4b5a71634439d0f3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4105006,"id":"Q4105006"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$31DD7C0C-778A-47EE-ADA0-266EF2F36C98","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"361062def652a9814154584ce541489da66dcaf5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3264674,"id":"Q3264674"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$66AC8692-E203-4CF2-88B6-3159EEC642A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"67a0ad439a7b2aa891fd748f41410336b4a7173c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1219493,"id":"Q1219493"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$53B158E8-F8B3-4A6C-8CD5-0BAF4382A82D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"497aafe797a637b0ba8560616438d89d386670d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4054391,"id":"Q4054391"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$21B6CDA4-4DF5-417A-BDE3-5B7AEDCEAE75","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"190aad2709e42f1fe2082e75b29f2b7a61926016","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3954530,"id":"Q3954530"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$93FA1BE1-A273-4C05-9643-ADC6B623D97D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ed210255c39f7fa5b389941237711756f06d2a5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1211753,"id":"Q1211753"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$062E4F46-A212-430B-8AB9-9DC30249C533","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f010b5414e97263a460a64ddac2286e0c2a1712c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3969590,"id":"Q3969590"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$23346B03-C440-482E-B5D3-ACA4B365D8B1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2c39482e0080239f529d109ad0d19a9f2795fbe5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4183395,"id":"Q4183395"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$B26AF1F2-1E1C-4A5D-BE1F-96FC482C332C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ba0f989feeb8afa8ee86c12910ea84b97fba90ee","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5646128,"id":"Q5646128"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$056841B3-BDE3-4BCB-A1D7-D0316DA542A8","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"4f6e0f3bd5f7744dcd2e47cc8ced50ae7c254d7c","datavalue":{"value":"W3189368460","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1092473$62F8096A-97F3-4EBF-97B0-48D880311961","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c1e586ae61cd406616eb34b061e5a084549de097","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1069498,"id":"Q1069498"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bffbf20740721be6c4b3a3c870d6025cb6b93a67","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8978272676467896","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1092473$3357653F-954E-4818-B6D6-D64977534FE0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5904429749e04880284e873a25455527a958f2fc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4016239,"id":"Q4016239"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1f4c2135781965fe4aeb2d9c4c8bc4575b097491","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8264036774635315","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1092473$66A9B08B-8678-42AB-9355-9F323C3AA3C0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7eb695cb2af5b09159c5c195daa70bba21bfece7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1174496,"id":"Q1174496"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"461eef83a332b1b34de9b95bbf3ce2c826d82a8b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8238383531570435","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1092473$7BAB53DD-B038-4345-96A9-F27A15ACB81F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ddbe670a124ffdb49bd14ab0c0b04b0602514c86","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3218810,"id":"Q3218810"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8c0c89cfcd10463fc061fc109efb8181fe435495","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7680011987686157","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1092473$C6BC681F-17CF-4B1B-A985-998769DAC76A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3c0a749760c1c51ca6fa5002ba8353e6eaed76c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4010210,"id":"Q4010210"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"03497a6bc2cf16a02fcc455d4920234c0c11630c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7479287981987","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1092473$3703DE4C-5973-4879-BF25-8FF1055E856E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"James numbers","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/James_numbers"}}}}}