{"entities":{"Q1094973":{"pageid":1105725,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1094973","lastrevid":49115284,"modified":"2026-01-06T15:05:55Z","type":"item","id":"Q1094973","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Monte Carlo solutions of a joint PDF equation for turbulent flows in general orthogonal coordinates"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4027044"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$58AED106-FF58-426E-ABFB-F02FBF782AC0","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"1b0ffffe5813ab9cb9c35dfd2205f57a1f598a20","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Monte Carlo solutions of a joint PDF equation for turbulent flows in general orthogonal coordinates","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$3FB0D617-3B4B-4F8A-9228-58F035A5BD7D","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"7cf6b69f059ecf3d4cd004a4fefdbb188b996170","datavalue":{"value":"0631.76054","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$5B7B0986-2EC5-4A6D-8E35-DE93B280200E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"8f17e556f4defea930f62f4daaa7c8dcf204a89d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0021-9991(87)90086-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$640EEC76-0115-443E-8A3B-2BE92C6E7C52","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"6cceddc06ad0ad76fac52687780769138ba9c5f9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":164235,"id":"Q164235"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$8B94A0C3-6949-4B08-A1B7-AC4F19D2D5E9","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5ae48c61eed19d1e1e1f33f9255d5b329362d064","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1987-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$E9CBCA82-A1AC-4103-8896-E50C2F782DBE","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"b335f2e9ecc525dcf9b8e335517d187316534244","datavalue":{"value":"The modeled transport equation for the joint probability density function (pdf) of the velocities and a single scalar composition in a turbulent flow is an integro-differential equation in up to seven independent variables and time. Because of its large dimensionality, this equation may be efficiently solved by a Monte Carlo method. An algorithm is developed that allows the pdf equation to be solved in a general orthogonal coordinate system. The method is based on a Lagrangian approach in which the behavior of fluid particles in a turbulent flow is modeled and particle trajectories are computed in the Monte Carlo solution algorithm. The technique is applied to three self-similar turbulent free shear flows: the plane mixing layer, the plane jet, and the axisymmetric jet. Numerical test results are presented which compare the new algorithm with earlier methods, verify the statistical error estimates, and demonstrate convergence.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$A1E0065E-1D69-4EDF-BA28-07F782966964","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e3695a4b1991e4b5bff0ddeaea105d33b074ee85","datavalue":{"value":"76F10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$CF8A998A-8DDF-4B5A-B900-6C0B26370A88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"63aec181f5f25f527f4a50518ef030353abadcda","datavalue":{"value":"65C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$08A98BA8-4104-481D-AE40-FAA581EFF9EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b1f5ea0fff7c46aaa7b6931ddae28abf5dc31387","datavalue":{"value":"76M99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$B2D59E55-79DD-4928-9173-671DE2F9E98C","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"b88a80ba9a63c43c120a35c740516e2267a5a93e","datavalue":{"value":"4027044","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$8483C7B5-65E2-44D8-B35C-C88D9B736F83","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d49c780e2331cfd81e7d7027b46c59c26da5b247","datavalue":{"value":"joint probability density function","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$6499678B-7095-47BD-A7BC-C53B2D21B8C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"ea53fd31ec679380ecaf4fba103644fe8a5577f5","datavalue":{"value":"integro-differential equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$7A5FF458-2D7C-4DA2-A3BB-D74B520F7C8C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d52aea7ff51ef97ce73bc8495bb71dd754d0b1d3","datavalue":{"value":"Monte Carlo method","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$E1D30C37-7030-4782-B3A6-10A95C252368","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9355ded1e570ec1e4895ad57e37e778b6e091f4e","datavalue":{"value":"Lagrangian approach","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$24FF148E-8D22-44FC-9211-56D57DA7277E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"708cfd7cd49eff91a8e1371e138d2bca28cc9ae9","datavalue":{"value":"particle trajectories","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$00863EA0-4D99-46F7-94D1-EDE0E6F08C72","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"0ce069eb333af0384360fc96917a3f48d4ff5bad","datavalue":{"value":"self-similar turbulent free shear flows","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$2193F041-32AC-46DC-9730-C2200BB87370","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"759cd72c384a881a4568094c2981345dbce4983e","datavalue":{"value":"plane mixing layer","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$97FB330F-5F65-4CD7-BAD7-6D5AAF684AA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4d2728bbcde02edc50cd00ddd5a2ca1a91b20022","datavalue":{"value":"plane jet","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$390D4DD4-D8C5-4A90-AEB7-EE9F07570983","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8ae39305e18dd49dd83e469a7627377a06df400e","datavalue":{"value":"axisymmetric jet","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$2C81E11E-22D9-4A8F-801D-31B5E77B24AE","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e846e290f6439c4bc61b18003273c6ed543f2a70","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":514369,"id":"Q514369"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$20576C9A-DED3-405F-88EA-DA039FB2E628","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"c7c751afe29e9c3c8cc782284e7d9998258d5af5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":214909,"id":"Q214909"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$DEB1517A-87DE-4626-B91F-60CFAACD7AE4","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$3F423B19-0C5B-457D-A7BA-5223492E4E43","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"73896c488d72409ef411adbc3894d8483dbe8ed4","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(87)90086-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$9F666F42-204A-43B7-9A5D-E4E847CA404A","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"0d41cd6e5a2f36efe8ab9d143c52da2b0142d10e","datavalue":{"value":"W2068592875","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$04BA3A05-0965-41FA-8EAD-9E85F08DE7D3","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2f11e466f07015603bd3af8369ab620300c084d1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5570826,"id":"Q5570826"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$FBCC0402-B905-4695-B96A-5861BE610CA2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5fa24fcac63b1ca06ed72a2d2d482d98a0c7a169","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4074544,"id":"Q4074544"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$985E5EB8-74DA-49A1-B697-5A7A22D05AA5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c4f9d29e12af9d2f1a2d92b0cc7ff133a2e1f4e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3934040,"id":"Q3934040"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$3EBF836B-07ED-4902-BE6C-9E6885E97369","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"426435ada40d9545894bda6ee198e2985749be06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3217777,"id":"Q3217777"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$AEEA5E28-4E56-4442-A293-3ED3CAD66228","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"33cc79e5e347caafb8155991d9638530d1d1e5b3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5732992,"id":"Q5732992"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$70419439-2F19-48D8-93DA-99BE7D0EF628","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c34d5cd02931f5e6a79284cc8073a35c44c715af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3877271,"id":"Q3877271"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$7D605699-A00A-4EF7-ACF9-A03D194A9F16","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bbbb5e8f38b940cdd98c1bbe80dcee2ffcae0161","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4404205,"id":"Q4404205"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$F324EEB7-E2D9-44E7-A77F-77FA303C1C57","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4c44fea011bbedac8e0d6759412949a40591c756","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3768567,"id":"Q3768567"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$DD8C3832-5755-4637-8570-6B9B28550A24","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b8084645dabd772a59de803e0e67f838503fd7a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4074545,"id":"Q4074545"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$6C613679-2AB9-484A-BC96-E5E44F44291F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4976c756a98cff82c6f8193ce1f281e440d0606f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3738494,"id":"Q3738494"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$876E8B53-1B06-445D-A1D2-A188FE68A15D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"db17333bbe6735851bf04458f0440c7d462831b6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5532416,"id":"Q5532416"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1094973$397821EC-FC0E-4835-A347-B793AC53AE1E","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"58e66f00c4409aa3808a947f6ffc22015a9cb287","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1192472,"id":"Q1192472"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"e77bf1882fccb94a82f6a108905da98afb07c615","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8352675437927246","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1094973$09031FFA-4FC2-45FB-905D-1DF551C7373B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f99bcf6586cc767d07d733283a57dc0d45f96e73","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":920752,"id":"Q920752"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"bd785607452a68295397564276e6f760504ca184","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8019425272941589","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1094973$EEEEC3AD-3341-4920-86B3-8BE8B5F0058E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3174552c618c420f568b95906ef1fba44da58a53","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":936689,"id":"Q936689"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6ac713fe51f2718da2845b362fe84cc26f69e158","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7961949706077576","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1094973$DCD97666-DA42-4CD0-80C9-EA84D1943161","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"98f42d6752dce35d8902e9f7ab30a7204f32356c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4400174,"id":"Q4400174"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9d5c6030eb1a13bae5c0a480b4ebf42e57e13028","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7958078980445862","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1094973$93C9600E-A3C4-441F-A057-B7FE67FBEA86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bd6c7ca8d1fb74bdfa5dda1efbac6d82a9139fa8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4456755,"id":"Q4456755"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6ad39306950fc851f8f4966ed46171d40be3a60c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7905922532081604","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1094973$AB85D7D4-34D5-45F7-8364-A3BC04881B17","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1094973","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1094973"}}}}}