{"entities":{"Q1099317":{"pageid":1110069,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1099317","lastrevid":66972135,"modified":"2026-04-12T14:04:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q1099317","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"A classification theorem for three dimensional competitive systems"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4040336"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$16CC32F2-720B-4290-B0FC-4DF64C8D9E5C","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"93977f51032526f53751555659598ffca4680331","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"A classification theorem for three dimensional competitive systems","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$BDB20160-5610-4B9B-8624-5747BFA16708","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"63ed4e45ea3d6cb0e65c60f1ae9ca5a11846cff9","datavalue":{"value":"0638.34022","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$D6F399F2-A34D-4591-942F-5B2FFE2F6DA5","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"ce4c64da6360d254c3e67023306fde5b846f7ab4","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0022-0396(87)90154-9","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$BE2A9D17-DC9B-4023-AF73-0A7F4608CFDF","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"d263edbfcff49edf8ac096269842141e213b5546","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":181562,"id":"Q181562"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$09A8BC89-FF87-4010-B20C-64F695276D1A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"7a8663a6f32af1791ec77a583548f189d277e993","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1230163,"id":"Q1230163"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$80392757-E8E4-4C99-8CD0-BB97054C2F88","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"dbc27535bfcb4e299a598bcfdfab0633ac07a0ef","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169790,"id":"Q169790"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$D52BEAB8-5F8E-4B75-BB19-45E7F71C9CBC","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"5ae48c61eed19d1e1e1f33f9255d5b329362d064","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1987-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$2866BC54-C34B-4EAF-A2E6-E3C58D1D0892","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"8aac32e04d4c041ca6ec41ceeb130df12eaccb13","datavalue":{"value":"The authors obtain a complete characterization of the global dynamics of the three dimensional Kolmogorov-type competitive system \\(\\dot x_ i=x_ if_ i(x)\\), \\(1\\leq i\\leq 3\\), in the interior of the positive octant under the assumptions: 1) there is at most one positive equilibrium, 2) the system is uniformly persistent and dissipative, 3) all equilibrium points and closed orbits are hyperbolic. The main result asserts that, in addition to the positive equilibrium (which must exist), there is a (possibly empty) finite set of limit cycles and that the omega limit set of every positive trajectory is one of these. The geometry of the stable and unstable manifolds and basins of attraction are described. There are countably many inequivalent phase portraits, all of which can be realized. A recent result of \\textit{M. W. Hirsch} [Systems of differential equations which are competitive or cooperative: III: Competing species, nonlinearity 1, 51-71 (1988)] implies that our equilibrium and all limit cycles lie on an invariant two dimensional manifold in the positive octant.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$28A94381-9A80-495C-8D05-78EFA681A990","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"da4a17a2ec9f7bbeb82810a73a3bc12e94601b52","datavalue":{"value":"34C05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$8EB61FED-3A2E-4075-80F6-F50D5AB5C446","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"8dce91b45aae56da74aca9c1ed1bc5361b215565","datavalue":{"value":"92D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$2C9D5C8F-4B84-4BE8-A53A-D4A278F197DE","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"817bd55dcb96af4976a99867313d8d71bbf8dcb2","datavalue":{"value":"4040336","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$84AF451B-5A14-453B-B926-FFAB3BD55D70","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f4d841bae546c69c634d0adfd09532832366aa98","datavalue":{"value":"first order differential equation","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$C3DD9357-C4B0-4081-ABFC-B67EEF5C957E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b82f647d3b74c4cb209d87a4edb04d55e577a4c9","datavalue":{"value":"global dynamics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$79F828C2-3C98-4DC8-B41A-F7738FA69C9D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"306ef2c5451c38c85fc30786c06121e79bb81f7c","datavalue":{"value":"Kolmogorov-type competitive system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$691230B6-E4AE-4F56-92FF-8003454DCEAA","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"29403009e2e3de2d8e3aa53692ed8e460b8a20b7","datavalue":{"value":"basins of attraction","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$F94D0966-6358-4AC1-AD81-3C630BF7017C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"09af5fbc6d6ea259343b5b93c27e8d1d55edda9b","datavalue":{"value":"phase portraits","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$E1ECF0E3-9814-494A-9C92-274431190274","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$15A571E7-2829-4E6F-BA4F-E8A2DBB8CCA5","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"c30d5d60c285169bf53fc79df75b9f1e9d6155f8","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0396(87)90154-9","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$57F9710A-1E5E-4547-8C85-DEDA7EF75602","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"b099815b2836be36b8d98aee54b07233a2a375ea","datavalue":{"value":"W2016297725","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$9A00C157-53BC-48E5-9AC9-61C241450184","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f0597f7b8baf9f54dfc931c6dfd7e596614bbcd6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5903255,"id":"Q5903255"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$EB054CFD-CA83-4D4D-863F-15DF56BDF137","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d915feb1b2e43a7fb882cbd8956ebd4fb96b7fab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3739499,"id":"Q3739499"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$97307AC4-535C-46B2-A52D-6A217ACB49D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"04b0443ee05f75e39f27ad23043f78dfc6cf2801","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1070964,"id":"Q1070964"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$F10799C2-A732-4C13-B42B-D0BEDF173A56","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1c77e085603a0cddd62b0feccc404ba6848ee2ba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3957245,"id":"Q3957245"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$C2E51709-E1D8-41CF-9DD4-E39C1184ED73","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"038ff60d890d41a8811f4bec008814871b5bbb64","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3807568,"id":"Q3807568"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$33D654B7-70DE-4252-AF94-8EDFCC9CA715","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9bbf7ea6428bb09c955f28ccd9e8a692417eae8b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3326957,"id":"Q3326957"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$47ABB75F-7F0A-4BD4-8577-8B0FC6CE5989","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a4c25ee659635b48c5eda5c11c370ec4e33e369b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3852025,"id":"Q3852025"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$9CDD89F8-C779-452A-A958-A4227981C1FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"60f8ccb2fbc2ca2615518a039367c96a00711011","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1820908,"id":"Q1820908"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$42040048-D2EC-45D3-8520-647DC8764915","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"bd66a28863bdfce1bd00380d25c75a3cc9c53c8c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3828304,"id":"Q3828304"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$799A670E-87E3-48D1-8B50-FE846FA732A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"32386d26d2aed3ccc76624f1227d1de294f3e10f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1232984,"id":"Q1232984"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1099317$0B4A606F-5A4D-4D68-A2A3-B9E4741A6B24","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7c256dfc727fe4c5232164ac8ead6e6d6a9318f8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4430675,"id":"Q4430675"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"dd23013992eca03941475100c47773178770e17a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8288174271583557","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1099317$1A869312-70BD-494C-B6A7-372C9BBDB38E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"abf8179fec19dfbcefc9060544602e63f48dc960","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4860425,"id":"Q4860425"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a6b5e635464c6b7c46b6ce40774ced3a26bb2153","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8217818140983582","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1099317$74D9A780-3DA4-479F-A2CA-57943B5F7B4E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"893f2a71e67560caf5af3ffadf400a3e8822ec34","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":829585,"id":"Q829585"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4cdeb94998c2f7661b8f0ad77a66432c0c7b17b6","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8194733262062073","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1099317$8AFA4AC3-28A2-42CC-A844-4F77170B99C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e76a23f1ce85e17a26e9182a6d70c5b13172dcc7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3807569,"id":"Q3807569"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"10cc52fdd9a6850abed05e3a5cb93347bc6eaa85","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8187806010246277","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1099317$10B76CAC-C89F-4238-8773-79A6D910F340","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b697146b99b6241baa996ad3a46b7f86f9328f6b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2922080,"id":"Q2922080"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d7cf1dd3d0d386d78bfc7b1e067aff463996af02","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8031799793243408","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1099317$6D3AB216-C923-4AF9-A58E-3AFA1FC0CFF0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"A classification theorem for three dimensional competitive systems","badges":[]}}}}}