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Assmus and Mattson have shown that given a prime p, for all but a finite number of primes q each cyclic (p,k) code over \\(GF(q^ i)\\) is optimal. This paper provides a method for determining these ``exceptional'' characteristics, and the corresponding minimum weights, for quadratic-residue (QR) codes of modest length. The procedure involves calculations with global QR codes. The analysis reveals that a nonoptimal case requires \\(q\\leq 2^{- (p-1)/2}[(p+1)/2]^{(p+1)/4}.\\) In addition, the method can be used to examine the t-designs derived from the codewords of minimum 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