{"entities":{"Q1106844":{"pageid":1117593,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1106844","lastrevid":69654867,"modified":"2026-04-13T08:29:38Z","type":"item","id":"Q1106844","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Defining sets as sets of points of spaces"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4063091"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$DC5856C0-A4E1-4C67-8237-F5D0DC40D1BB","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"835a367a8a691000e42d21ca0419412173538044","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Defining sets as sets of points of spaces","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$7EAD80E3-0CA0-415E-B92A-E4F9DCA21D14","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"deaf2f1d4fcb6fb2ba9e00a4a302256c10e96d4b","datavalue":{"value":"0652.03038","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$E7D2860C-B513-408B-B050-7DCE4AE16265","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"f97469a214d4dfc9d6a2944062d892df2c021bcc","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF00249676","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$C58D2D91-E6C5-413D-A8A2-467153B80582","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"03cb7240f766e33ce1eb7decfea636d3edb245aa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":215695,"id":"Q215695"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$AA523BBB-17A8-41CE-9885-B62F49798A9A","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e692f569038e7bcb7d3e72ba14d8d8e224046270","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169434,"id":"Q169434"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$4C9D7DC7-EFB5-495F-B0E7-1FB45E37335C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"31a1937240ca4a323604b4728c31d242b5596d7c","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1988-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$26601564-FA69-428A-96C5-CDD0EE2D6071","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"27aeea99706df3ee8d8fe6ee5d5a48912176bc82","datavalue":{"value":"The work of Dedekind and Cantor succeeded in reducing the continuum (the geometric line) to the theory of (discrete) sets. The author explains how, in an opposite direction, the discrete should be derived out of the continuous, conceived in Lawvere's spirit as some category (topos) of `spaces', for which the law of excluded middle does not hold. The spaces for which excluded middle does hold are, according to the present article, precisely the discrete sets; some axioms are presented, extending those of Synthetic Differential Geometry (in the sense of the reviewer's book of this title (1981; Zbl 0466.51008), say), which give discrete sets a status within the category of spaces. There are no proofs, but some acute historical remarks.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$80346BB2-91E6-483F-B841-2090A3D82BE8","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7d6d1b45c606677a96fadd625efc72a171c20037","datavalue":{"value":"03E99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$CB94781A-5CA0-4DB6-ABA2-DB121A5D76F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"44c2f2292e3af3aa22face3324f654a1c22c9105","datavalue":{"value":"18F99","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$32883610-6EDC-46C4-AB7F-D5F770589364","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"73568386984587860f41102b57e710f126ec7deb","datavalue":{"value":"4063091","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$6CAB1879-C8DD-421D-A0B5-443CC363807B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"385ec5ee567d17bbd2e6c7af4270fade5c5f2e55","datavalue":{"value":"topos","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$60457C45-9B44-4DD8-B679-0EE18752160A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bc6b3d2b6b47dae6657c46e82106c011e81b18bb","datavalue":{"value":"excluded middle","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$10C3288C-C800-4E29-AF73-BF4298DA95C8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"388cbae22ae7bf76af7dbc6e2628d24f83a44593","datavalue":{"value":"Synthetic Differential Geometry","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$E1BD2A59-A65A-4ADD-846D-AA76C2D9AF47","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"23e41453da5646667e60c0340684b001c287b2a5","datavalue":{"value":"discrete sets","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$78F67B71-D953-4A2D-A381-B60097CDE818","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"931e5f299d7ed403136e635fc4739f895163de44","datavalue":{"value":"category of spaces","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$DF3C9F15-8A17-4435-9F3B-D06E32AE92AF","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"06053073f43b1cb7a30d04c3029abef6e6536b0b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":638551,"id":"Q638551"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$2A142BB5-C3FA-4D95-B4EF-F2FAF55C07D3","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1106844$240E9BCA-BB6D-4654-86E5-A3A2854C74EF","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9d41fa035bbb66a85fe486cb8fa5b3d28c6f7304","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5285587,"id":"Q5285587"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8217455eb08f8e6290a17820968988fc97c5e78f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7377185821533203","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1106844$A2E6FF46-2948-4DF2-9769-76F174A5132A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"925b0472f8bd5addeeb6cce184c89f77d40f92ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2725728,"id":"Q2725728"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8f3daa20aff93c449c53be4b4bd771c30740f74d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7300549745559692","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1106844$4BA5FC2B-7B49-4E3A-BFB0-A70223100447","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"ac7bd8186f90e498869bf76fb82c7bb5fe3962fb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5137863,"id":"Q5137863"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f062f5f8bdb8aefd1a57c8cdfdab569a7b15de6c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7268392443656921","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1106844$CDD0DB9D-4C36-4668-A79F-606C58EEB760","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"394f59d84ae773cfff9342b6d260307f0bbbee93","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4037518,"id":"Q4037518"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"816fe56ef924a2148dde2b9b68e6dd35f6bba733","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7263965010643005","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1106844$80F34C6A-2BDD-4AC2-B11F-D7693EB6B2B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fd1675c288925c9040c47988b84ee57ea09c28ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1818591,"id":"Q1818591"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eb1abffab7623250626be655d7d60b9043c9c846","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.726396381855011","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1106844$2B61A3B7-FDC0-4F32-9086-75D7A63410DB","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Defining sets as sets of points of spaces","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Defining_sets_as_sets_of_points_of_spaces"}}}}}