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The authors introduce some geometric invariants to study the foliation. Let L be the subbundle of the tangent bundle TM of M consisting of the vectors tangent to the leaves of F and let \\(L^*\\) be its dual. Let Q and \\(Q^*\\) be the normal bundle and its dual. Let \\(\\Omega^ k_ F(\\Omega_ F^{(p,q)})\\) be the sheaf of the sections of \\(\\Lambda^ kL^*(\\Lambda^{(p,q)}L^*)\\). The relative de Rham complex \\((\\Omega_ F,d_ F)\\) (relative Dolbeault complex \\((\\Omega_ F,{\\bar \\partial}_ F))\\) is defined via the restriction map i * induced by the inclusion i: \\(L\\to TM\\). The relative Chern class \\(c_ k(F)\\equiv i^*c_ k(Q)\\) is the image of the Chern class \\(c_ k(Q)\\). Using the complex Bott connection \\(\\nabla\\) introduced by the authors, the Chern classes can be represented by \\(\\det (I-(t/2\\pi i)\\Lambda {\\bar \\Lambda})=1+c_ 1(F)t+c_ 2(F)t^ 2+...+c_ q(F)t^ q,\\) where \\(\\Lambda\\) is the antiholomorphic torsion of \\(\\nabla\\) which vanishes when F is a holomorphic foliation by complex submanifolds. One of the main results of this paper is that when \\(\\Lambda\\) is symmetric or antisymmetric (or F is a Monge-Amp\u00e8re foliation) if the leaves of F is Kaehler (or if M is Kaehler), then the vanishing of the 1st Chern class implies that F is a holomorphic foliation, and furthermore if F is a foliation by complex curves then the above result holds without the assumption of being Kaehler. Another main result is that the authors derive a finite set of linear algebraic conditions on \\(\\Lambda\\) which is the necessary and sufficient condition for F to be tangentially Monge-Amp\u00e8re. When F is a foliation by complex curves the authors prove that either if \\(\\dim_ cM=2\\) or \\(\\dim_ cM=3\\) and \\(\\Lambda\\) is antisymmetric, the leaves of F with the inherit metric has constant Gaussian 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