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An element \\(z\\in T_ pM\\otimes {\\mathbb{C}},\\) the complexified tangent space, is said to be isotropic if \\((z,z)=0\\). A complex linear subspace \\(V\\subset T_ pM\\otimes {\\mathbb{C}},\\) is totally isotropic if \\(z\\in V\\) then \\((z,z)=0\\). By definition, the curvature of a Riemannian manifold M is positive on totally isotropic two-planes if the complex sectional curvature \\(K(\\sigma)>0\\) whenever \\(\\sigma \\subseteq T_ pM\\otimes {\\mathbb{C}}\\) is a totally isotropic two-plane situated at any point \\(p\\in M\\). The authors prove the following main theorem: Let M be a compact simply connected n-dimensional Riemannian manifold which has positive curvature on totally isotropic two-planes where \\(n\\geq 4\\). Then M is homeomorphic to a sphere. This theorem was announced in [the second author, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 14, 279-282 (1986; Zbl 0589.53048)].    Let \\({\\mathcal R}: \\Lambda^ 2T_ pM\\to \\Lambda^ 2T_ pM\\) be the curvature operator at p. \\({\\mathcal R}\\) is said to be (k,1)-positive if \\(\\{\\sum^{k}_{i=1}<{\\mathcal R}(\\omega_ i),\\omega_ i>\\}>0\\) for any orthonormal set \\(\\{\\omega_ 1,...,\\omega_ k\\}\\) of k elements from \\(\\Lambda^ 2T_ pM\\), each of which has rank \\(\\leq 1\\). The following corollary is proved: Let M be a compact simply connected n-dimensional Riemannian manifold, where \\(n\\geq 2\\). If the curvature of M satisfies one of the following conditions, then M is homeomorphic to a sphere: (i) M has positive curvature operator, (ii) M has (2,2)-positive curvature operators, or (iii) M has strictly pointwise (1/4)-pinched sectional curvatures. Also a theorem regarding the structure of stable minimal two- spheres in Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative curvature is proved.    As a corollary it is proved that an odd-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold whose sectional curvatures are nonstrictly pointwise (1/4)- pinched must have vanishing second homotopy group. Finally it is remarked that if M satisfies all the hypotheses of the main theorem except for being simply connected, it is not necessarily true that the universal cover of M is a sphere, but still \\(\\pi_ k(M)=0\\) for \\(2\\leq k\\leq n/2\\) can be 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