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In the present paper the functional equation \\((1)\\quad \\phi [F(x)]=Q(x)\\phi (x)+\\gamma (x)\\) is considered under the assumption that F, Q and \\(\\gamma\\) are defined and of the class \\(C^{\\infty}\\) on a neighbourhood of the origin in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\) with values in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\), \\({\\mathbb{C}}^{m^ 2}\\) and \\({\\mathbb{C}}^ m\\), respectively, and F is a diffeomorphism. The author begins with a more general equation \\((2)\\quad \\phi [F(x)]=H(x,\\phi (x))\\) assuming that the given function H is defined and of the class \\(C^{\\infty}\\) on a neighbourhood of the origin in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\times {\\mathbb{R}}^ m\\) with values in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ m\\), and has the form \\(Q(x)y+\\gamma (x)+h(x,y)\\) with \\(h(x,0)=\\partial h/\\partial y(x,0)=0;\\) if \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n=L_ 1\\oplus L_ 2\\) with locally invariant under F subspaces \\(L_ 1\\) and \\(L_ 2\\) and \\(dist(F(x),L_ 2)<dist(x,L_ 2)\\) for \\(x\\not\\in L_ 2\\), \\(dist(F^{- 1}(x),L_ 1)<dist(x,L_ 1)\\) for \\(x\\not\\in L_ 1\\), \\(\\gamma\\) is flat at the origin and the matrix Q(0) is nilpotent, then there exists a solution \\(\\phi\\) of (2) defined and of the class \\(C^{\\infty}\\) on a neighbourhood of the origin in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\) with values in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ m\\) and flat at the origin. In the next step the existence of a locally invertible \\(C^{\\infty}\\)-map T: \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\to {\\mathbb{C}}^{m^ 2}\\) which reduces the matrix Q(x) to a diagonal hypermatrix \\(diag[Q_ 1(x),Q_ 2(x)]\\) with non-singular matrix \\(Q_ 1(0)\\) and a nilpotent \\(Q_ 2(0)\\) is proved. These main steps (and another reduction theorem proved in the paper) lead to a theorem which guarantees that to each formal series which fulfils (1) formally there exists a solution \\(\\phi\\) of (1) defined and of the class \\(C^{\\infty}\\) on a neighbourhood of the origin in \\({\\mathbb{R}}^ n\\) with values in \\({\\mathbb{C}}^ m\\). Three further theorems deal with the homogeneous case and bring necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of non-zero and flat at the origin local 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