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In terms of computational logic that is the problem of improving deductions of query clauses C from a set of clauses \\({\\mathcal C}\\) by adding consequent clauses to this set. The authors of this paper investigate the possibility to improve decision complexity of the problem \\({\\mathcal C}\\vdash C\\) (\\({\\mathcal C}\\), C being propositional) by adding to \\({\\mathcal C}^ a \\)polynomially bounded set of clauses \\({\\mathcal D}({\\mathcal C})\\) s.t. \\({\\mathcal C}\\cup {\\mathcal D}({\\mathcal C})\\vdash C\\) becomes a polynomial time decision problem (optimization problem). IF \\({\\mathcal D}\\) could be constructed from \\({\\mathcal C}\\) in polynomial time too, then such an improvement clearly would yield \\(P=NP\\). On the other hand, the impossibility of such an improvement implies \\(P\\neq NP\\). Thus the authors investigate a restricted optimization problem; they show that by admitting only \\(\\leq k\\)-literal query clauses, addition of all m-literal clauses deducible from \\({\\mathcal C}\\) with \\(m<k\\) does not change the CoNP-completeness of the deduction problem.    Most part of the paper is devoted to the optimization of clause forms under resolution (i.e., how can resolution be improved by adding a polynomial number of deducible clauses to the input clauses, arbitrary query clauses being admitted?). Based on exponentiality of resolution [\\textit{A. Urquhart}, J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 34, 209-219 (1987; Zbl 0639.68093)], the authors show that adding \\(O(n/\\log^ 2n)\\) clauses does not yield a polynomial time decision method; thus \\(O(n/\\log^ 2n)\\) is a lower bound for the optimization problem of resolution. Furthermore it is shown that propositional Horn formulas cannot be optimized w.r.t. 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Finally it is proved that propositional Horn formulas cannot be optimized w.r.t. the PROLOG inference mechanism (the authors give a method to avoid loops), even if multiple occurrences of atoms in a goal are deleted; in this case, an exponential lower bound for the worst- case time complexity is 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