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Then \\(I_ c(R):=\\{a\\in R:\\) there exists a retraction \\(R[[ t]]\\to R\\) with \\(t\\mapsto a\\}\\) is an ideal and consists, roughly speaking, of those elements of R which may be inserted in formal power series over R. This was studied earlier by the first two authors [see e.g. J. Algebra 67, 110-128 (1980; Zbl 0472.13009)]. If \\(R\\to S\\) is a homomorphism of commutative rings one is interested in the inclusions between \\(I_ c(R)\\) and the counterimage of \\(I_ c(S).\\)    An ideal \\(\\Omega\\) \\(\\subset R\\) is called closed if \\((I_ c(R)+\\Omega)/\\Omega \\subset I_ c(R/\\Omega)\\). For the closedness some sufficient conditions are given as well as some properties justifying this notation. All finitely generated ideals are closed, and R is Noetherian if and only if all ideals in R are closed.    An ideal \\(j_ R(\\Omega)\\) is defined for any ideal \\(\\Omega\\) \\(\\subset R\\) as the union of all \\(R\\cap \\sum^{n}_{i=1}(X_ i-\\omega_ I)\\quad R[[ X_ 1,...,X_ N]] \\) with \\(n\\in {\\mathbb{N}}\\) and \\(\\omega_ i\\in \\Omega\\). Its importance is in that \\(\\Omega \\subset I_ c(R)\\) if and only if \\(j_ R(\\Omega)=0\\). In any case \\((\\cap \\Omega^ n)^ 2\\subset j_ R(\\Omega)\\subset \\cap \\Omega^ n.\\)    Furtheron commutative ring extensions \\(S\\supset R\\) are considered where S is supposed to be finitely generated as an R-module. For \\(I_ c(R)\\subset R\\cap I_ c(S)\\) and for the reverse inclusion several sufficient conditions are shown. Finally Noetherian rings are studied; here the authors prove the formula \\(I_ c(S)=\\sqrt{I_ c(R)\\cdot S}\\) and a Weierstrass preparation theorem for \\(R[[ X_ 1,...,X_ 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