{"entities":{"Q1122870":{"pageid":1133619,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1122870","lastrevid":66468177,"modified":"2026-04-12T10:16:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q1122870","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Nonhomogeneous, continuous-time Markov chains defined by series of proportional intensity matrices"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4107871"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$60073033-F20E-4D2C-BA7C-59C913FBF1DE","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"201a8330677ebc0fcbda24486f962fb6de57fba3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Nonhomogeneous, continuous-time Markov chains defined by series of proportional intensity matrices","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$662DEA1F-7411-4A28-9533-660289818514","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"14d92236f627fd8d029d263d0392ddb29c677a77","datavalue":{"value":"0676.60065","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$34A16594-E97E-42B8-AD1F-C8B645A50C47","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"4d12145caf7f4c97c9debc8a241ac2fee689568a","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0304-4149(89)90061-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$00B13FA3-8F84-4C9B-B430-57A9C2235E39","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"401c6f10a711904042c1786ca30e393f33cfb38a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1098174,"id":"Q1098174"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$04C3DDFC-5F88-49A2-B9B6-8461737C1564","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1c11a6fa6171b71f493dae89c5e468b59ec9553a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":796261,"id":"Q796261"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$3D4872A8-F9C8-437C-8392-8ACC2153AC15","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"0a7f38bff7197b9d5228d1d2cd340d5028d13b61","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":61365,"id":"Q61365"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$29A3034F-955E-47E5-9247-6F279F1C8487","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7211ad5ca16eb0d22cd0051fff3d0f3af254ceb6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1989-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$B5C6907B-52CC-4A1D-BD0D-BB7DB24338D0","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"4ddf77e725590f891272a044e9c2063d8064efd3","datavalue":{"value":"Let S be a countable state space with transition matrices P(s,t), where \\(P_{ij}(s,t)=P\\{X(t)=j| X(s)=i\\}\\) (\\(\\forall)t,s\\geq 0\\) and \\(i,j\\in S\\). Let Q(t) be the intensity matrix.    The authors, defining ergodicity and irreducibility of continuous-time Markov chains, show that if the discrete time Markov chain \\(P_ n=I+(1/a_ n)A_ n\\) is irreducible and the corresponding \\(h_ n(t)\\) does not vanish, then the intensity matrix \\(Q(t)=\\sum^{\\infty}_{n=1}\\ln (t)A_ n\\) is irreducible, too. If \\(P_ n\\) is ergodic and \\(h_ n(t)\\) is ``large'' enough, then the nonhomogeneous, continuous-time chain is ergodic.    For an intensity matrix A and a function h with \\(h(t)\\| A\\| \\leq 1\\), \\(\\forall t\\), it is shown that \\(Q(t)=\\sum^{\\infty}_{n=1}(h(t))^ nA^ n\\) is an intensity matrix. If \\(P=I+(1/a)A\\) is ergodic and if \\(\\int^{\\infty}_{s}h(u)du=\\infty\\), then Q(t) is ergodic.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$9F4F6565-E12B-4B59-AA82-1F7DE5781C27","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1cdf15533e26fc0c4c2e22d28e655c364dfe77a6","datavalue":{"value":"60J10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$AC2F5FD9-4134-47C2-BEB2-99719D08D4F9","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"94a0aa80fb526465809d55ed09591803d15151aa","datavalue":{"value":"4107871","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$B6EC8204-4989-4D68-84B2-16930D7DD030","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"7d85e10d3dfc358b224375f68556dc87b46a9b93","datavalue":{"value":"intensity matrix","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$BCE3AEB8-7B1D-4670-9647-58C7A66AB118","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"3d256123e7b4cdef4cf60e30701a05617566aa27","datavalue":{"value":"irreducibility of continuous-time Markov chains","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$9B4060E2-9846-463E-8E20-B8ADBC82A943","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$196C5AB1-A349-4E70-A7CA-2BD138BC69EF","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"358db730f59ec5aa7c18675510c1b6078c80e220","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4149(89)90061-6","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$79EA5F6A-BBA4-4BC4-8C31-76DF9D3819FF","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"061ab989671dd3e1857a3e76e1befb88da474321","datavalue":{"value":"W1989940874","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$4E892724-AC6D-4950-B546-C37B3E446D8A","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d82216c069c0d4e92b398f0b1f2381174e692ded","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4109064,"id":"Q4109064"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$DD2A8DD8-2FEE-4223-9EC7-6EE232AE956E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cf17f3ec7ac6890d636910dd50e1ad763fff6ea6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5614313,"id":"Q5614313"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$E96DC01C-2C6A-4E34-9A40-533A87A0B566","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b49b5445c0916437e8a322a546477f40a9968804","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5678706,"id":"Q5678706"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$51B82CFF-FFB8-44D9-A87A-3A3118633512","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3531500a1d2b56b614425020829502fb58050031","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4176241,"id":"Q4176241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$9D916982-0DE1-4C91-A072-8C76C94EAC88","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ea42cff3d51f3837b4f7e6fef3d03a92d731f6a3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1098175,"id":"Q1098175"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$3B95916A-4FE2-40A8-8A82-2175C0CCCDEE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"4f6f546d98645058ad65f05eacec976a525fa0bf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3042124,"id":"Q3042124"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$A1443528-4E03-4B5A-8E38-76470FA07BBB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"77fbb40f43aabb26d24e526eaba241b50317bc2a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4121269,"id":"Q4121269"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1122870$90442AAB-55A9-431E-AFC7-263102863CD6","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"73fa1aabde258aefadadf80c4e3b37b2a49e6bbf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4351188,"id":"Q4351188"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"01618d282c0e2845bc7bb088159788acdc4ab7e8","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.90387326","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$BC845452-CB57-44D1-B009-8912C36C50B5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"39189fb2b71d1d4a414c221824eb046e4884a7de","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1781657,"id":"Q1781657"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b9b7d3473bb16513c08b9fc329635eae81a3ad29","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9037821","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$D4A8A907-9166-48DC-AF08-6E17E3C46616","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"14cee803c414103ac70176da8b1e5f0ee4f96ff2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5371729,"id":"Q5371729"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c4cda7f27605bf9035d020c05b26f3297b9b7b84","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8970713","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$780240A4-ED02-43BF-9638-A98ACC4C9485","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3fcf44b26e79c400dc5b2f9504b8cf16bead4c46","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5750060,"id":"Q5750060"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3750e26a3396fb51b2d8415ea4db9159e8259964","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8954916","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$48E9542A-EED2-4AF1-9C68-A35A75DD74F8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"2ec3f3cacbc2712e8649fcdf02e2f7f661357a3d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":792012,"id":"Q792012"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b3ab71710e72403205562c7722ac6c2d1d4a84dd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8940764","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$BA414336-243F-40CE-AF0F-4A6C6B21C6F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cd108e0de3d76efcc84c516f824bc920dec76795","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5877485,"id":"Q5877485"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"75603d64aa156cdca04d0648c8b3dbd2fedd9eb1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8938417","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$94FD4A29-147B-4B11-88B8-B4C32E9056D4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0ee88fe504c6b848d7a954ddfa3160510d6508d4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6054140,"id":"Q6054140"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3e21adb5efad9dad1d26673a06dbfee150c66a7a","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8914795","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$161B3E15-31D0-4F46-8E7A-5272CF18FC8A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0b39fecefaf73fa8cb5e00e1acea016c632c4017","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4722955,"id":"Q4722955"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0044fa82252c6b49123e245d6edeb6a5dd972b24","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88963336","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1122870$99DBD804-E5D6-47CF-AC04-7DB155A91E79","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Nonhomogeneous, continuous-time Markov chains defined by series of proportional intensity matrices","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Nonhomogeneous,_continuous-time_Markov_chains_defined_by_series_of_proportional_intensity_matrices"}}}}}