{"entities":{"Q1124050":{"pageid":1134799,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1124050","lastrevid":66179727,"modified":"2026-04-12T08:04:52Z","type":"item","id":"Q1124050","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On a semilinear parabolic equation arising in optical bistability"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4111188"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$749902C5-578F-4EC1-9CCA-5E2A2D4F3E5B","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"7fea7f92c621dff3f23aa562ecef9cfa9ab1e351","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On a semilinear parabolic equation arising in optical bistability","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$8EA733C0-4680-4085-AE35-8132ABEFA0AD","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f5570efcdbd9491dace1c38d3ad31ef3d23abd21","datavalue":{"value":"0678.35055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$EFF45E43-61B3-41BC-B410-896D8396F688","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"b2cb586b14b8d03ccc3f3a8ec36b701fd3bf1f17","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0022-247X(89)90116-9","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$4BEAB0F8-E91D-4CEB-9EF8-08A591C706B7","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c5ad7b9baf8e531c6b1ad954eb5f2899cc8fe5e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":85344,"id":"Q85344"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$193706F6-51A6-4561-979C-C37270EDAD91","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7211ad5ca16eb0d22cd0051fff3d0f3af254ceb6","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1989-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$FF976AF9-5D65-47AD-9CE1-F93ECA9A58BD","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"53f2f88a4a34eb963b1c879f8d1c71a267d5b8c4","datavalue":{"value":"The parabolic equation  \\[  (*)\\quad u_ t-d\\Delta u+u=k I_ 0(x)g(u(x))\\quad for\\quad (x,t)\\in R^ n\\times [0,\\infty)  \\]  where d and k are constants and g is a smooth bounded function arises in the study of an optical bistable system, the function \\(I_ 0(x)\\) corresponding to the input beam and the unknown function u denoting the phase shift in a transmitted beam. The existence of two stable solutions is of interest as the ability of the device to switch between two stable outputs provides an optical switch.    Two cases are considered, viz., (i) \\(I_ 0(x)\\equiv 1\\) where the input beam is a plane wave and \\((ii)\\quad I_ 0(x)=\\exp (-| \\mu | x|^ 2)\\) where the input beam is a Gaussian distribution. In case (i) for certain values of the parameters there exist three constant steady state solutions \\(u_ 1<u_ 2<u_ 3\\) and it is shown using the results of \\textit{P. C. Fife} and \\textit{J. B. McLeod} [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 65, 335-361 (1977; Zbl 0361.35035)] that in the case \\(n=1\\) there exists a travelling wave solution u(x-ct) of (*) such that \\(u(\\xi)\\to u_ 1\\) as \\(\\xi\\) \\(\\to -\\infty\\) and \\(u(\\xi)\\to u_ 3\\) as \\(\\xi\\) \\(\\to \\infty\\). In case (ii) it is shown that there exist infinitely many unbounded, non-radial positive solutions but that any positive bounded solution must be radially symmetric. It is also proved that for certain parameter values there exist three bounded positive steady state solutions, two of which are stable; the proof uses sub- and super- solution techniques, shooting arguments and results of \\textit{P. Hess} [Commun. Partial. Differ. Equations 6, 951-961 (1981; Zbl 0468.35073)] on the existence of multiple solutions on a bounded domain when the nonlinearity is an oscillating function.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$7A483563-1571-4F84-AC3A-1C6058E4A287","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"922b346dded17eaef4f8a24b438d1fa0021d21d8","datavalue":{"value":"35K60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$FDE7F482-D7CD-427B-92A7-BE375395AD3E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"d6c43807dc3dd7020c8f87514414c5d99f2bd1e5","datavalue":{"value":"78A10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$FDC8EB4F-E235-4156-8DCA-BDCA6A8A6414","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ac0d0a1735068e14c5cc68328a451df6429d2b84","datavalue":{"value":"35J65","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$057AAE09-71F0-408E-85C3-55DFC3CE11D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"91501cee2c4d92b50c2b170b4aea9155b4d0ee49","datavalue":{"value":"35B40","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$CADC8819-028E-4928-9BC2-07965EA3CE6B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"c9b219645b0b86b170af2608c804ef502e12b633","datavalue":{"value":"35A30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$D95D0185-96D2-432F-AD51-73245D609777","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"7d5a6b5de8bc4279ce5ffb0a2c5f97eefc8107fa","datavalue":{"value":"35B35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$4CF6F2B8-6016-4366-A155-34715F8D731D","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"763cf5cbf0b0b93499f162baf7d04e41b5febbc9","datavalue":{"value":"4111188","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$F2B913FF-F4F6-494D-8D0E-6AE688E83A95","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"44586e546162d440ace680f29b39935dd5e867af","datavalue":{"value":"optical bistable system","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$1D84201F-3219-4A34-8597-DD950E86127F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cb103feebad3bf58708aa805401e18a640831221","datavalue":{"value":"stable solutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$FED88290-4817-4762-AAC6-12707B075DA3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8b181a5381976d90c13e27a6fcccbf6318711408","datavalue":{"value":"plane wave","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$F38B3607-0BE7-40D9-B0AA-91BF013BF439","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"f92f29d22928222be9c10b323275198e3cd741ec","datavalue":{"value":"Gaussian distribution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$888929F5-0DB2-4EDB-8F34-16E0146D2F2E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8bb467751b5a00f0ec95b11a413e15ed4c98152a","datavalue":{"value":"travelling wave solution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$1E14122C-0DD7-4D55-9F2B-A42ACC3F3B2F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"996e136979be3b1332df9529e6c09157a7166ed6","datavalue":{"value":"non-radial positive solutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$C5E18261-1D25-4CB4-8B47-9673192EE03B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"2d8f3bfcfbb1b2f383ee774a76c06beee3101999","datavalue":{"value":"radially symmetric","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$AFE495E9-4D31-470C-815A-8B89A67A9C0F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"4c2e984b87e50ca44404cfb5f7d99fb7e945fafc","datavalue":{"value":"sub- and super-solution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$F5161C2C-307F-4C36-AB27-9F0F4D494AA8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"cd897a6ae55b2c13bc0b9bd1da8a6a1b34a5980b","datavalue":{"value":"shooting arguments","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$3FD728FB-E65B-4C0E-B24C-265EC072580B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"53b22665b9d3cc27acb634394abd36685b9765f8","datavalue":{"value":"multiple solutions","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$408F940E-E0FA-434B-8873-55EF799AC3E3","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"78d4d536017e0193d2801f94f47f8fb542f1c124","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":636926,"id":"Q636926"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$53EE976F-4D5A-4B2D-82D2-4CE320D0EA99","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9e3b4e593ed0a4363d893546ac8769ab410c8104","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":645001,"id":"Q645001"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$8FF0BEEE-E9C0-479D-837A-F90AFF16556C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$58CE7360-35C1-4F7D-A1A4-2F373441DAEC","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"47a30aaefc0086a958cac29a12fe0e5f24e7b08a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3049234,"id":"Q3049234"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$4F72851C-47B5-4AFF-8A6F-550437066028","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"74208e6692e93f73f5e078aa71f93e54bd2b5754","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1239432,"id":"Q1239432"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$7596B386-8F8B-4CCB-A76D-AEE4598B75FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a18fb331cff3d315065d22d2bfebe83c455d2fd1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1135438,"id":"Q1135438"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$132287EB-87E8-4793-B48F-46BEE84EC762","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0f417ce80325a6c813c55962980f0b9e9d43f2b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3923023,"id":"Q3923023"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$EB490E45-0844-4F11-A222-0D93E04EB57C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"eec6a91d57e7dbeb41b658eca2e073074aa96545","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":584623,"id":"Q584623"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$20AD7CD2-F557-4D23-A999-178189D5EB12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5376de4d6984726ab240cee643bdd83867a5ecf7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4748458,"id":"Q4748458"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$1B8BEE04-F86F-4A2A-9FDC-090A50485295","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d48259de609a0d68934fa38dfceac4fe9e393b94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3961209,"id":"Q3961209"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1124050$4B68C240-9492-494F-B420-18BA72C7BA8F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"69e4f2270fe5dac64cd4e96a4356ce0599a2924f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4381326,"id":"Q4381326"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"05bbea7b082ba0a6496049c960a3934dfb77af98","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9047704","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$1D266322-7615-49FC-95FA-C1ED774B7B48","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"afdc2ded923193cc26e88b25ac241ce7bb4d35db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5930602,"id":"Q5930602"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3e77e6cf366d17ded1747d70b79012ae2189f8fc","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9026066","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$47143851-602B-439B-8FBE-2FA865C58B13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"33a9a076a86ef51ec360b56d5a9758969e351804","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2423584,"id":"Q2423584"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"169542d8d668efcbb308a1036881760866156e4f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8762907","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$651117DB-D33A-43FE-ACCA-C7DFD24DB8CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0f35e858237fd6db989c300c855f609096278333","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3781384,"id":"Q3781384"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"da76b08ad35257dc86e0d77a87f471cf52ced972","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8727976","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$857775F0-21AB-42BF-9008-76F1D0E5A41B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0bdd84b610bf57769c5074d0c507205a8c1fbf6a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4661419,"id":"Q4661419"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"eeb9e38560c8fd4db4d97fa3e1340a50ed5cc10b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8722201","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$2337CDE4-C600-451E-86A6-852C10A703F0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"62611f9de9868cc0d0ffb4d2fda7b7100e231c48","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1884241,"id":"Q1884241"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"06ee689ad85f0a9ee592f2c2eaccb535e3631ee1","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8721865","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$8AF45581-46D6-4B48-A999-B4B3D9E959A2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f229d05cd9012ebba6cebdad88b50634f0e38140","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3099780,"id":"Q3099780"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b2167e9e7a0163f51f2e5e0ab8cd9f80350c6349","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8714077","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$3B620EF8-7681-47A9-9584-356573D127E2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1d79a2d9f0754d2e27f867a430716e5dddf4a251","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3034136,"id":"Q3034136"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f6e3199513ea508bcc17f1121ef924f7f52452e2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8675247","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$6378ED9F-494B-4573-8B7D-568FCBE26D66","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"527958283e16bac53f93fd0a7a9221f5e98147fe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2334912,"id":"Q2334912"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"90e9c61dfb6046a95e18610b143ed36c4ca2f872","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8670032","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1124050$CC0ECEA3-58DB-46EE-9790-0EBC742B284E","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On a semilinear parabolic equation arising in optical bistability","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_a_semilinear_parabolic_equation_arising_in_optical_bistability"}}}}}