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The main theorem gives a plain characterization of the normal \\((A^*A= AA^*)\\) and \\(n\\)-selfadjoint operators, namely \\(A= T+ N\\), with \\(T= T^*\\), \\(N= -N^*\\), \\(TN= NT\\), and \\(N^m= 0\\), where \\(m= \\min(2q+ 1,n)\\), and \\(q\\) denotes the defect of \\(H\\). In particular, in Hilbert spaces \\(q=0\\), hence normal and \\(n\\)-selfadjoint operators are simply selfadjoint. The paper also contains properties of the classes of \\(n\\)-selfadjoint 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