{"entities":{"Q1127023":{"pageid":1137772,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1127023","lastrevid":69703098,"modified":"2026-04-13T08:49:49Z","type":"item","id":"Q1127023","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The pluri-genera of surface singularities"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1185535"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$27D1807C-11A1-4534-82A7-A48F39E4B200","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"e8e7d2acbb7345715bd569f05851899f2b480baa","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The pluri-genera of surface singularities","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$E9B61E87-AB76-4903-914A-82F1134006F2","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"7b48e5518f1f1a798295e59f4a8f527a436f9b4c","datavalue":{"value":"0928.14023","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$E85C6104-34B6-47FC-91C3-DE34D4285DB5","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"e90ae84bd1870b4b6c5325b7a21e251c85403a5e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":309278,"id":"Q309278"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$A024EAA1-F598-41B0-B5AB-853F4814FB95","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"f57d451e29ac1aea784b2facd6b9348f2ad6b455","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":177355,"id":"Q177355"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$1DA582B4-AAF9-4499-B93C-2FA071275FB5","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"f20dd4a1895cf18dde61efc77672cfcc1d29fef9","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1999-11-16T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$68ABAABC-5513-4245-8A7C-3F576B395AA5","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"691797b27278bf36c7038c5e9da181ee6ec86062","datavalue":{"value":"\\textit{K. Watanabe} [Math. Ann. 250, 65-94 (1980; Zbl 0414.32005)] introduced the pluri-genera \\(\\{ \\delta_m (X,x)\\}_{m \\in \\mathbb{N}}\\) of a normal isolated singularity \\((X,x)\\). They can be computed from a good resolution \\(f:M\\to X\\) (i.e. a resolution whose exceptional locus \\(A\\) is a divisor with normal crossings) as follows:  \\[  \\delta_m (X,x)= \\dim_{\\mathbb{C}} H^0 ({\\mathcal O}_U(mK)) / H^0 ({\\mathcal O}_M (mK+(m-1)A))  \\]  where \\(K\\) is a canonical divisor on \\(M\\) and \\(U=X \\setminus \\{x\\} \\cong M \\setminus A\\). In particular, \\(\\delta_1 (X,x) = p_g (X,x)\\).    The author studies the pluri-genera of normal surface singularities over \\(\\mathbb{C}\\). For rational surface singularities whose dual graph for the minimal resolution is a star-shaped graph, he describes the pluri-genera in terms of some divisors on the central exceptional curve. Using this, he proves that, if for a normal surface singularity \\((X,x)\\) over \\(\\mathbb{C}\\), \\(\\delta_m(X,x)=0\\) for \\(m=4,6\\) then \\((X,x)\\) is a quotient singularity. Since K. Watanabe proved that \\((X,x)\\) is a quotient singularity if and only if \\(\\delta_m(X,x)=0\\) for all \\(m \\in \\mathbb{N}\\), the preceding result characterizes the quotient singularities. Purely elliptic singularities (i.e. those for which \\(\\delta_m(X,x)=1\\) for all \\(m \\in \\mathbb{N}\\)) are also characterized in the paper. It is proved that a normal surface singularity \\((X,x)\\) over \\(\\mathbb{C}\\) is purely elliptic if and only if \\(\\delta_m(X,x)=1\\) for \\(m=1,4,6\\). Applying the result of S. Ishii which assures that \\((X,x)\\) is purely elliptic if and only if it is a cusp or a simple elliptic singularity, the result in the paper gives a criterion to characterize these singularities. S. Ishii had also proved that \\((X,x)\\) is log-canonical if and only if \\(\\delta_m(X,x) \\leq 1\\) for all \\(m \\in \\mathbb{N}\\). In the paper, the author proves that if \\(\\delta_{14}(X,x)=0\\) then \\((X,x)\\) is log-canonical.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$16591D69-6790-43A4-ACA4-BB10907C9B5B","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"56e4bb8b2d3810a9bd938b8609509478f078ff6c","datavalue":{"value":"14J17","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$58365454-B8D2-4CCF-B9BD-07EBC1C19A7F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"697267317c84a84285370f94e66acbfa07bd71c3","datavalue":{"value":"14E15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$6D5D67F5-F065-4ADC-A35B-00D190016DC4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bee2219fe30255f9156dce33d9cc4f518c0cf995","datavalue":{"value":"14B05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$B2633E1F-1CAC-4382-9F45-67D555F1C69D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"da7154e1369ebddade98d7cb36419bbf7187ed8f","datavalue":{"value":"32S25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$B7320118-DFF2-47A3-93A8-FCA1B734D8CC","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"4ccd93e8a5c68a21edb09481b8c4a52f92038ba5","datavalue":{"value":"1185535","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$298CF2D5-EE6C-4B51-9BA2-EADF8B842B59","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"469d4f0f84fdb00f359d48b9803256d46868a9ea","datavalue":{"value":"pluri-genera","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$A31BEB25-70EC-40B3-B5E6-0198D1F400FB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d2213e16448a72055a2d45f31712e1657d4be871","datavalue":{"value":"normal surface singularities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$859A138C-92B9-4429-A439-7E350EA99665","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"51ecc09ce32c288e2e97617097c510760d975904","datavalue":{"value":"good resolution","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$CECAEE15-01D0-4D2E-B219-533B688C0E41","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"8715c3ca2f24f6f828a044b1ec7a746a873f669b","datavalue":{"value":"purely elliptic singularities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$2BD509B9-19EB-41CF-BE2E-F4EBB60AA28F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"13e026a79ad1f55acd2a0c4591b5dbb562f0f83c","datavalue":{"value":"log-canonical singularities","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$720DC459-6CFC-47B6-ABD1-308DD400C61E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$4602FA99-FC6B-47F1-A5A4-C1B4F4C1C0B0","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"e4c0ac2b4f6741c29c9a9f62236ac800ac51af5e","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.2748/tmj/1178225017","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$38024847-E702-401B-8130-5974475B08D1","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"6578f1b3eefe621be702db174cfa63bb80079301","datavalue":{"value":"W1989775586","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$1B380A75-5375-4BCD-8F01-F4FDF7154AC1","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"22875822a671d72e8eb76a4e3ecba021236a0d41","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3290253,"id":"Q3290253"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$0946FD1F-01D0-4187-92DA-2D9721E20BB6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5b6479e6f27464bc0348fd584ccd73ba5b83a162","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5517498,"id":"Q5517498"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$A030A385-C243-4090-A11C-874B66C8FE5D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9ce3bc805ec414bca9881fbc744392b6b46895c9","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3775666,"id":"Q3775666"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$AB48D594-F9E8-498F-984E-0136B7D85024","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ce363e22b4b28b347f3459667f08a9ba04812bd4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3764253,"id":"Q3764253"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$43E3DD67-6F51-45F1-BAD9-4B43C7BA1104","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e11a2d0820b96814232c3bd97151290ce8c875be","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1071824,"id":"Q1071824"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$ED5C4D5E-F350-4A8A-8AFB-3FE09DC75331","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"18aa72de5eb175bee2d26c2abfbf4196bf7e129f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3033891,"id":"Q3033891"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$673EB8D9-7945-41FA-83E4-043F8CC1E4EF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"12e41e25e9d6c522440da32c1d50cf5ca108e821","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1257938,"id":"Q1257938"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$D2ABB38A-2A9B-4CCC-BEA9-28047B4752A1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"9a2579ef863f9726652d4d76c33e77227817e877","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1232485,"id":"Q1232485"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$BE8434A5-4897-449A-8E20-3885375E06B0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"269ff33b61cfc26364de703b5ade86710520a0a0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4163452,"id":"Q4163452"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$C68AA3F1-2373-481F-869E-FADA5F30B6F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"2b52a9b1c15ee849dc5ed6a1c62ed8e3bafec599","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3329566,"id":"Q3329566"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$48296D21-78E3-47FB-82E5-5CA82433F86E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b226bcd046951c7809d93531dd3016d85613589f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2723476,"id":"Q2723476"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$223728D7-61D6-4517-917D-F98E6ACD311E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"835840098348669f7336344c27484f0ba74f8571","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5966911,"id":"Q5966911"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$F7A42E41-A8C0-42A8-8FD9-44C8063E65A3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c96ea860c9560e57c9ddf1c56f56f886ac619867","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3661709,"id":"Q3661709"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$5483E946-2531-4DEA-AF0C-58A95180D597","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ea23c280df7e04e6c320f86585e6fa8aee54576e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3714368,"id":"Q3714368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$E06A577F-E266-44ED-B48F-866E2D1EBB85","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cc90871670b01be5534a63ed1d68674e3ba34f94","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":599223,"id":"Q599223"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$EDDC981B-8937-4E69-8E48-14FFBAFA707E","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"3f55ea2d61cf0fcda69677d3738661fda0eb662b","datavalue":{"value":"10.2748/TMJ/1178225017","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1127023$09B4EF45-2EC2-44CE-A6AB-710C86A8FAC9","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"142fd6d5dadb43913d85d16fc4c50bc5e0ff7597","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3714368,"id":"Q3714368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"088b2274e477607a91dab5055dc3f4fb12cc9ef2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8880178928375244","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1127023$345039AF-8C27-4D3F-BA4C-8C25405B493E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"50b36f49b2d1fc54cafbc010d5e6d340e0384d7b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4486092,"id":"Q4486092"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5b679d7b9ae0be46fe98e0863e2ee10cbc8d0c60","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8600541353225708","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1127023$D8205F19-2766-48AA-A25B-4B37610D2F5F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"06069f7630212cadce4d70a98119f992f38d2ba7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4378068,"id":"Q4378068"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ec3b500dfc8f65f7a9c8deb38f4ed0943318452e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8535921573638916","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1127023$387D4A9D-1DF6-4877-A36A-1ED8B7B03155","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"The pluri-genera of surface singularities","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/The_pluri-genera_of_surface_singularities"}}}}}