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Rep. No. 1, Univ. Pennsylvania] angegebenes Variationsprinzip f\u00fcr ein gewi\u00dfes Volumenintegral \\(U_p\\), benutzt, zu de\u00dfen Herleitung der Spannungstensor der Mischung dargestellt wird als Summe eines Spannungstensors, der aus dem Verzerrungstensor der Mischung mit Hilfe der Lam\u00e9schen Konstanten \\(\\lambda_0\\), \\(G_0\\) eines homogenen K\u00f6rpers berechnet wird, und eines Polarisationstensors. Der station\u00e4re Wert von \\(U_p\\) ergibt sich dabei als Maximum, wenn f\u00fcr die Lam\u00e9schen Konstanten \\(\\lambda\\) und \\(G\\) die Ungleichungen \\(\\lambda>\\lambda_0\\), \\(G>G_0\\) gelten, und als Minimum, wenn \\(\\lambda<\\lambda_0\\), \\(G<G_0\\) gilt; der station\u00e4re Wert von \\(U_p\\) ist dann gleich der Verzerrungsenergie \\(U\\) im inhomogenen K\u00f6rper.   Die Annahme, da\u00df auf die Oberfl\u00e4che des inhomogenen K\u00f6rpers eine Verschiebung \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0x_j\\) ausge\u00fcbt wird mit konstanten \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\), bewirkt die mittleren Verzerrungen \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\) in dem inhomogenen K\u00f6rper; die gleiche Oberfl\u00e4chenverschiebung bewirke in einem homogenen K\u00f6rper der Elastizit\u00e4tsmoduln \\(K\\) und \\(G\\) dieselbe Verzerrung \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\). Das Volumenintegral \\(U_p\\) wird nun berechnet mit einem Polarisationstensor, der innerhalb jeweils einer Phase konstant ist; in einem Anhang wird gezeigt, da\u00df dieselbe Betrachtung auch allgemeiner m\u00f6glich ist. Die oben genannten Ungleichungen ergeben dann: wenn \\(K_0\\) und \\(G_0\\) f\u00fcr die Elastizit\u00e4tskonstanten \\(K_r\\), \\(G_r\\) einer jeden Phase die Bedingungen \\(K_r> K_0\\), \\(G_r>G_0\\) erf\u00fcllen, dann ist \\(U_p < U\\), und im Fall \\(K_r< K_0\\), \\(G_r<G_0\\) ist \\(U_p > U\\), wobei \\(U\\) die Verzerrungsenergie des inhomogenen K\u00f6rpers ist.   Definiert man mit der durch die Verzerrungen \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\) gebildeten Verzerrungsenergie die effektiven Elastizit\u00e4tskonstanten des inhomogenen K\u00f6rpers, dann werden die letztgenannten Ungleichungen zwischen \\(U_p\\) und \\(U\\) zu Schranken f\u00fcr die effektiven Elastizit\u00e4tskonstanten. Man kann sie versch\u00e4rfen, indem man im Fall \\(U_p< U\\) f\u00fcr \\(U_p\\) sein Maximum einsetzt und im Fall \\(U_p> U\\) f\u00fcr \\(U_p\\) sein Minimum. Schranken f\u00fcr die reziproke Kompre\u00dfibilit\u00e4t (bulk modulus) findet man, indem man f\u00fcr \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\) einen Kugeltensor w\u00e4hlt, und Schranken f\u00fcr \\(G\\), indem man f\u00fcr \\(\\varepsilon_{ij}^0\\) einen reinen Deviator w\u00e4hlt. Durch geeignete Wahl von \\(K_0\\) und \\(G_0\\) lassen sich die Schranken weiter versch\u00e4rfen. Es werden dann f\u00fcr die effektiven Elastizit\u00e4tskonstanten \\(K^*\\) und \\(G^*\\) Ungleichungen der Form \\(K_1^* < K^* < K_2^*\\), \\(G_1^* < G^* < G_2^*\\) erhalten, wobei die unteren und oberen Schranken durch die Volumenanteile der Phasen und deren Elastizit\u00e4tskonstanten dargestellt werden.   F\u00fcr inhomogene K\u00f6rper aus Wolframkarbid und Kobalt werden aus diesen theoretischen Ergebnissen die Youngschen \\(E\\)-Moduln ausgerechnet, wobei sich ergab, da\u00df die beiden Schranken nur etwa 10\\% auseinander lagen, und die experimentell gemessenen Werte tats\u00e4chlich ziemlich dazwischen lagen. 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