{"entities":{"Q1173687":{"pageid":1184436,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1173687","lastrevid":66432378,"modified":"2026-04-12T10:02:35Z","type":"item","id":"Q1173687","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Self-trapping of an electromagnetic field and bifurcation from the essential spectrum"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7277"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$2988ECBA-22B9-43C4-AD26-42FE4A66FB38","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"088fc483f6363cb73ec223f649b5d15baf2b4971","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Self-trapping of an electromagnetic field and bifurcation from the essential spectrum","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$15B2B641-6484-4137-8945-D9C39E083A3C","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"a0058cec01974d8aeacb8c60955e4eed9aab54be","datavalue":{"value":"0745.35044","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$0AE3B6A7-FEE1-442B-BF3A-F2817971E659","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"1983e1834e2baf852379665dd9b833ee2e6216be","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF00380816","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$C93CD85D-5FF4-4953-B1DB-B8BC1B63238B","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"511d57c88112b9a679d7b7c8c8c776608976a72a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":163608,"id":"Q163608"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$8EB62B32-007F-4EF4-9213-158F941866B2","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d3f790682a6be4cc1f3210e15eebe1d6cc5ffbc2","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1992-06-25T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$8B3A5FF6-EE58-4554-98AE-2C7ABE2BC8E9","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"354e7e6af912fc7144c7156a198763349b302ad6","datavalue":{"value":"(From author's summary.) This paper has two main aims: (i) the representation of a mathematical description of a problem concerning the self-trapping of an electromagnetic wave, and (ii) the discussion of the relationship between this problem and the phenomenon of bifurcation from the essential spectrum. In the first part, we recall the basic physical quantities that are required and then we show how the problem can be reduced to a convenient mathematical form. In contrast to the approximate equations usually used in discussing self-trapping the solutions of our reduced problem yield exact solutions of Maxwell's equations within the context of the constitutive hypotheses generally adopted in the optical regime with an intensity-dependent refractive index.   In the second part, the reduced problem is discussed from a variational point of view. By avoiding the usual approximations, we can clearly identify the precise physical significance of the parameters and norms used in this analysis. In particular, we observe that bifurcation from the essential spectrum with respect to the \\(L^ 2\\)-norm is equivalent to the occurrence of self-trapping at arbitrarily small intensities.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$C66F3EC6-0308-4E97-8366-B5888047ECD6","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"61f991ba56474367a78fc3a9a6bb3823ab7086f6","datavalue":{"value":"35Q60","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$C8D7A32A-FA66-4B4C-B2B3-5508E189C390","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6a12c0ffdfe2dc480b014949e4623814ef54c228","datavalue":{"value":"35P05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$CBDAEDE3-3CE1-4BF9-AAAE-C2A760940818","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ad7aa9d8ba59fcd68539a4141f2ae278b023fd9d","datavalue":{"value":"78A25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$B9ED612B-C093-4F33-BA03-EC72C90CB69B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9971808ffb8cd9b222246a7e18bef7b89e076851","datavalue":{"value":"35A15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$73ED921F-2532-4588-AD8B-65548EC733DF","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"fb89abd3956d8fd0fcf15cfa720359563bd2faae","datavalue":{"value":"7277","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$46D6476C-D8CE-45C7-AC1A-9FAE23F4181F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"db6a15d63e615df70b965227d203d5b1acda1780","datavalue":{"value":"bifurcation from the essential spectrum","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$47549BF4-D876-4023-BA18-8634105DA89F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"772f6960c03d195462f7da3a150c2823dd221e93","datavalue":{"value":"exact solutions of Maxwell's equations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$19F03635-47B4-45FC-A2FF-418D922A8C6B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"98409ee0684c1047cecc22b23755b175f01cda9c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":171252,"id":"Q171252"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$92C42A4A-5016-4E3A-A999-711C75D2A8D1","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"5b2ccfecae4f06c4e534a5be7e772a09ca74aca7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":547258,"id":"Q547258"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$9275A345-93BE-4B24-947A-CEBC8D035EE9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$D654A43D-16AB-43FD-8654-977CA1AEAD31","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d2234b0cffa2299db56ef38bc1a83d6d08f15012","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3254057,"id":"Q3254057"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$EBF7C195-8D26-4B85-A5CF-C85C5035C5F9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cc7be8033adf47f55a0923bffaf0f3e3c3088067","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5340540,"id":"Q5340540"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$ED30026B-F1DD-48D1-AB20-C8ED504DC2CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"fd48e5d92ebe0e9a15a4446d372980ab9f38a632","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4110164,"id":"Q4110164"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$8FD624A6-302E-4012-93E0-EAA247930D06","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58dc5913ca5add9e49636f568750c6c42ba2f04a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1252974,"id":"Q1252974"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$2F2F91EE-8F58-4D00-A676-673B7791F1D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6b0f1d1c1c814a5c9bf244c0c11ae865f879b485","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1237887,"id":"Q1237887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$A3C79F85-1846-46BB-B48D-552E0417AC0A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"3417c5f188a9b9eec6ae615d56db2e55a34f0501","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4090688,"id":"Q4090688"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$96B51208-67D1-4F63-A99D-D022C44EF46D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"e66acb9d3c9f5de2a6e5797e210fba44f1c36926","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4740873,"id":"Q4740873"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$D978493D-C1A7-4E5C-BBBD-E4DD2CA960AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"858f02947b4e4b97077d1582bc0b2aa7dfd62fea","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3308426,"id":"Q3308426"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$201BE343-AD40-4316-9DA6-1AE74F1883D4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c0dbfc4c7f8d4cebca2512e528e50497ae525a9e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3834746,"id":"Q3834746"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$5E240D9C-1FA5-4C42-BE43-778733D46684","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"05eebb92f7ae47998d7074aa4d0bdb85b5380967","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":600286,"id":"Q600286"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1173687$D249C0B4-3E5D-4373-9EEE-777D31EF65D1","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cc47cc414095fa75bd4fdde25031434c29079920","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4715365,"id":"Q4715365"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"041bef9235f8466781ce14c44e9843c9a93bb87b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.88278157","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$8B1A80FD-1C87-4D18-9342-212E3C978C9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b2d4cb42cc5d3d77b51084cffdf2a79c0c2465b2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4267875,"id":"Q4267875"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8be771f6c26621f14251ae0e65573a61537f3202","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.83576876","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$956082A3-3396-455D-AA0A-D2CC22B2FC05","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9384f93e3d137f71f7204916db255fe0fb7de34f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4932332,"id":"Q4932332"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0a9b73228a87b8de0cddce89745dc7ded36e2926","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8341291","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$5B8CDAD4-77AE-4D20-B1F6-A158787A9660","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"44f38bc9ef99aa3fb92cba8dba1c864d3c71ac53","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2435872,"id":"Q2435872"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"02c237298aac89c1a2617647cb7e54c6ff455d6c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8327911","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$3A8612D8-CFAC-49FB-8FDB-863D5DC3943A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"fb4074b00e9e05fb5bb57f97c8f7eb2708eca785","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4557690,"id":"Q4557690"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a8ad3574a46228c4fbadf9e987a49d3ed189513b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.83090127","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$A503F6C8-0F9E-47A7-85D0-883D430F2F14","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e7588a6e515a08a414f8fb81d428170da474cc75","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":864334,"id":"Q864334"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ccfcd5c77ebcf7930434099eb7d111b71d169fac","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82779384","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$A4688B62-171B-4001-9923-96C251387BB2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b5e73f2a923a6e95da26ddfc8255bf4bb96f5988","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4208675,"id":"Q4208675"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"38bf8314fbcfff3f9ba416e887e28fbeb066a298","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8269403","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$8523CF62-AFFA-4557-AEFB-51F6B1754530","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"310849987f0f88228fd69a7538b12be448d5249b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":633368,"id":"Q633368"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b0452f08b9d58d265e1e454c76eaba58472c606e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82176036","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$F258E8B0-C0B8-4DFF-A3DC-B48C51FDE02A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"bc75b357348f97c4923ea6527feef85aa11f8b89","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5011164,"id":"Q5011164"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9edd896e7264461b2e2ef0e3c5dc314462f039bb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8205141","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$51EB3700-6344-48BE-B2B0-4A063DF2B9FC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"a9bd358113b2e00b100973b3d1085348bbe0598c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5292560,"id":"Q5292560"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"5cb7c3ad14c92d6c8ca43588f870e1445b0aa76d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.82018244","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1173687$29EBA107-0D30-4233-9F17-BC5CA3F26296","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Self-trapping of an electromagnetic field and bifurcation from the essential spectrum","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Self-trapping_of_an_electromagnetic_field_and_bifurcation_from_the_essential_spectrum"}}}}}