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Also, let \\(G\\) be a commutative complex analytic group. \\(G(\\mathcal O)\\) will denote the sheaf of holomorphic \\(G\\)-valued functions on \\(X\\) and \\(G(\\mathbb C)\\) is the constant sheaf \\(G\\), i.e., the sheaf of locally constant functions on \\(X\\). In particular, for \\(G=\\mathbb{G}_ m\\), one has \\(G(\\mathcal O)=\\mathcal O^*\\), the sheaf of invertible holomorphic functions on \\(X\\).  Starting point for the paper is the construction of a morphism in the derived category of sheaves of abelian groups on \\(X\\),  \\[ \\mathcal O^\\ast \\overset{\\mathbb{L}}\\otimes G(\\mathcal O)\\longrightarrow [G(\\mathcal O)\\longrightarrow\\Omega^ 1\\otimes\\mathrm{Lie}(G)]_{-1,0}(1),\\tag{1}  \\] where the subscript \\(-1,0\\) means that the complex is placed in degrees \\(-1\\) and \\(0\\), and where (1) denotes the Tate twist. Using the quasi-isomorphism \\([\\mathbb{Z}(1)\\longrightarrow\\mathcal O]_{- 1,0}\\overset{\\sim}{\\longrightarrow} \\mathcal O^\\ast\\), this amounts to define  \\[ [{\\mathbb{Z}}(1)\\longrightarrow{\\mathcal O}]_{-1,0}\\otimes G({\\mathcal O})\\longrightarrow [G({\\mathcal O})\\longrightarrow\\text{Lie}(G)\\otimes\\Omega^ 1]_{-1,0}(1).\\tag{2}  \\]  For \\({\\mathbb{Z}}(1)\\otimes G({\\mathcal O})\\longrightarrow G({\\mathcal O})(1)\\) one takes the identity, and after a choice of \\(i\\in{\\mathbb{C}}\\), the map \\({\\mathcal O}\\otimes G({\\mathcal O})\\longrightarrow\\text{Lie}(G)\\otimes\\Omega^ 1\\cong\\text{Lie}(G)\\otimes\\Omega^ 1(1)\\) can be given by \\(f\\otimes g\\mapsto\\frac{1}{2\\pi i}f\\cdot g^{-1}dg\\). For the cohomology of (1) one obtains morphisms  \\[ H^ i(X,{\\mathcal O}^*)\\otimes H^ j(X,G({\\mathcal O}))\\longrightarrow {\\mathbb{H}}^{i+j}(X, [G({\\mathcal O})\\longrightarrow\\Omega^ 1\\otimes\\text{Lie}(G)]_{- 1,0}(1)).\\tag{3} \\]  In particular, for \\(i=j=0\\), one gets an isomorphism class of holomorphic \\(G(1)\\)--\\textit{torsors} with connection \\(\\nabla\\) associated to elements \\(f\\in{\\mathcal O}^*\\) and \\(g\\in G({\\mathcal O})\\). Write \\((f,g]\\) for the representative with auxiliary data given by the logarithms of \\(f\\), i.e., a choice of \\(\\log f\\) gives a trivialisation \\(\\{\\log f,g\\}\\) of \\((f,g]\\). One has \\(\\nabla\\{\\log f,g\\}=\\frac{1}{2\\pi i}\\log f\\cdot g^{-1}dg\\), \\(\\{\\log f+n\\cdot 2\\pi i,g\\}=\\{\\log f,g\\}\\cdot g^ n\\), and for the curvature of \\((f,g]\\) one finds \\(R=\\frac{1}{2\\pi i}\\cdot\\frac{df}{f}\\wedge g^{- 1}dg\\in\\Omega^ 2\\otimes\\text{Lie}(G)\\).    Assume \\(X\\) is a Riemann surface \\(\\Sigma\\). For \\(x\\in\\Sigma\\), \\(f\\) invertible on \\(\\Sigma-\\{x\\}\\) and \\(g:\\Sigma-\\{x\\}\\longrightarrow G\\), one may combine (2) with the residue map in \\(x\\) to obtain \\((f,g]_x\\in G(\\mathbb C)\\). After a choice of \\(i\\in \\mathbb C\\), this gives just the monodromy \\((f,g]_ S\\) of \\((f,g]\\) on an oriented circle \\(S\\) around \\(x\\). Special cases include (i) \\(G= \\mathbb G_ a\\) and (ii) \\(G= \\mathbb G_m\\). In (i) one finds \\((f,g]_ x=\\frac{1}{2\\pi i}\\oint \\frac{df}{f}g=\\mathrm{Res}_x\\left(\\frac{df}{f}\\cdot g\\right)\\); in (ii) \\((f,g]_x\\), also traditionally written \\((f,g)_x\\), becomes the \\textit{tame symbol}: \\((f,g)_x= (-1)^{v(f)v(g)} \\left[g^{v(f)}/f^{v(g)}\\right](x)\\), where \\(v\\) denotes the valuation at \\(x\\). For \\(G=\\mathbb G_m\\) the product \\(\\mathcal O^\\ast\\overset{\\mathbb L}{\\otimes}\\mathcal O^\\ast\\rightarrow [\\mathcal O^\\ast\\xrightarrow{df/f}\\Omega^1](1)\\) defines the product in the Beilinson-Deligne cohomology for \\(\\mathbb Z(1)_{\\mathcal D}\\otimes\\mathbb Z(1)_{\\mathcal D}\\longrightarrow\\mathbb Z(2)_{\\mathcal D}\\), thus leading to an interpretation of the \\(\\mathcal O^\\ast(1)\\) -- (or \\(\\mathcal O/(2\\pi i)^2{\\mathbb Z})\\) -- torsor with connection \\((f,g]\\), written \\((f,g)\\) in this situation, in terms of (variations of) mixed Hodge structures. This torsor \\((f,g)\\) is the opposite of the one of holomorphic families on X of iterated mixed Hodge extensions of \\(\\mathbb Z(0)\\) by \\(\\mathbb Z(1)\\), by \\(\\mathbb Z(2)\\), inducing extensions \\([f]\\) of \\(\\mathbb Z(0)\\) by \\(\\mathbb Z(1)\\) and \\([g](1)\\) of \\(\\mathbb Z(1)\\) by \\(\\mathbb Z(2)\\). Such a variation of mixed Hodge structures defines a horizontal section of \\((f,g)\\) and conversely. A nice example is provided by \\(X=\\mathbb P^1(\\mathbb C)\\setminus\\{0,1,\\infty\\}\\), \\(f=1-z\\) and \\(g=z\\). A trivialising horizontal section of \\((1-z,z)\\) is given by \\(\\{\\log(1- z),z\\}+\\mathrm{Li}_ 2(z)\\), where \\(\\mathrm{Li}_ 2(z)\\) is the dilogarithm function. A choice of \\(\\log(1-z)\\) determines \\(\\mathrm{Li}_ 2(z)\\) up to \\((2\\pi i)^ 2\\mathbb Z\\).    Furthermore, the symbol \\((f,g)\\) has bimultiplicativity and symmetry properties corresponding to symbols in \\(K\\)-theory, e.g., \\((f,g)+(g,f)\\) is trivialised by \\(\\{\\log f,g\\}+\\{\\log g,f\\}-\\log f\\log g\\), which, in the example of \\(\\mathbb P^1(\\mathbb C)\\setminus\\{0,1,\\infty\\}\\) is reflected by the relation for the dilogarithm:  \\[ \\mathrm{Li}_2(z)+\\mathrm{Li}_2(1-z)+\\log(z)\\log(1-z)=\\zeta(2)=-{(2\\pi i)^ 2/24}. \\] The foregoing construction of \\((f,g)\\) can be extended in the following way: Let \\(\\Lambda_ 1\\) and \\(\\Lambda_ 2\\) be local systems of finitely generated free \\(\\mathbb Z\\)-modules and let \\(B:\\Lambda_ 1\\otimes\\Lambda_ 2\\longrightarrow\\mathbb Z\\) be a bilinear form. This gives rise to a morphism \\((\\Lambda_ 1\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast)\\overset{\\mathbb L}{\\otimes}(\\Lambda_ 2\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast)\\longrightarrow\\mathcal O^\\ast\\overset{\\mathbb L}{\\otimes}\\mathcal O^\\ast\\), which, combined with (1) for \\(G=\\mathbb G_m\\), leads to  \\[ (\\Lambda_1\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast)\\overset{\\mathbb L}{\\otimes}(\\Lambda_2\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast)\\longrightarrow [\\mathcal O^\\ast\\longrightarrow\\Omega^1](1).\\tag{4} \\]  For sections \\(f\\) of \\(\\Lambda_ 1\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast\\) and \\(g\\) of \\(\\Lambda_ 2\\otimes\\mathcal O^\\ast\\) one obtains a \\(\\mathcal O^(1)\\)- - (or \\(\\mathcal O/(2\\pi i)^ 2\\mathbb Z\\)--)torsor with connection, again written \\((f,g)\\), and a choice of \\(\\log f\\in\\Lambda_ 1\\otimes\\mathcal O\\) determines a section \\(\\{\\log f,g\\}_ B\\) of \\((f,g)\\) with properties similar to \\(\\{\\log f,g\\}\\) of \\((f,g)\\) above.    Again, with a choice of \\(i\\in\\mathbb C\\) and an oriented circle \\(S\\), one may calculate the monodromy \\((f,g)_ S\\) of \\((f,g)\\) on \\(S\\). Let \\(T:\\tilde{S}\\longrightarrow\\tilde{S}\\), where \\(\\tilde{S}\\) is a universal covering of \\(S\\), denote the monodromy of \\(\\tilde{S}\\). Then, for locally constant global sections \\(f\\) of \\(\\Lambda_ 1\\otimes\\mathcal O^*\\) and \\(g\\) of \\(\\Lambda_ 2\\otimes\\mathcal O^*\\), one finds the formula: \\((f,g)_ S=\\exp\\left(2\\pi iB((T-1)\\log f/2\\pi i,\\log g/2\\pi i)\\right)\\). Moreover, if \\(\\Lambda_ 1\\) and \\(\\Lambda_ 2\\) are dual, and \\(T\\) does not have the eigenvalue \\(1\\), the locally constant global sections of \\(\\Lambda_ i\\otimes\\mathcal O^*\\) on \\(S\\) form a finite group (\\(i=1,2\\)), and the symbol \\((f,g)_ S\\) defines the Pontrjagin duality between these groups.    One may go a step further and weaken the regularity properties of \\(f\\) and \\(g\\) on the circle \\(S\\). It is shown that one can take the Sobolev spaces \\(\\mathcal O_ s\\) and \\(\\mathcal O_ t\\), \\(s+t\\geq 1\\), and a local system \\(\\Lambda\\) of finitely generated \\(\\mathbb Z\\)--modules on \\(S\\), with dual \\(\\Lambda^{\\vee}\\), to get a pairing \\((\\mathcal O^*_ s\\otimes\\Lambda)(S)\\otimes(\\mathcal O^*_ t\\otimes\\Lambda^{\\vee})(S)\\longrightarrow\\mathbb C^*\\). In particular, for \\(s+t=1\\), the pairing \\((f,g)_ S\\) extends to a pairing  \\[ (\\mathcal O^*_ s\\otimes\\Lambda)(S)\\otimes(\\mathcal O^*_ t\\otimes\\Lambda^{\\vee})(S)\\longrightarrow\\mathbb C^*, \\]  making both factors Cartier duals of each other. The case \\(s=\\frac{1}{2}\\) is to be used in the construction of the Heisenberg group defined by the central extension of \\((\\mathcal O^*_{1/2}\\otimes\\Lambda)(S)\\) with \\(\\mathbb C^*\\). One needs some preliminary results. First, let \\(\\Sigma^ 0\\) be the interior of the Riemann surface \\(\\Sigma\\) with (non--empty) boundary \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\) and let \\(j:\\Sigma^ 0\\hookrightarrow\\Sigma\\) the inclusion. Write \\(\\mathcal O_ s\\), \\(s\\in\\mathbb R\\), for the sheaf on \\(\\Sigma\\), equal to the subsheaf of \\(j_ *\\mathcal O\\) consisting of holomorphic functions with values in \\(\\mathcal O_ s\\) at \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\) (with connected components the circles \\(S_{\\alpha}\\) (\\(\\alpha\\in J\\))). In general, the Sobolev space \\(\\mathcal O_ s\\) on the boundary \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\), i.e.\\ on the \\(S_{\\alpha}\\), is not equal to the restriction of the latter \\(\\mathcal O_ s\\) to \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\). Furthermore, one \\textit{defines} \\(\\mathcal O^*_ s\\) by the exact exponential sequence \\(0\\longrightarrow 2\\pi i\\mathbb Z\\longrightarrow\\mathcal O_ s\\longrightarrow\\mathcal O^*_ s\\longrightarrow 0\\), and also on the boundary, \\(\\mathcal O^*_ s=\\mathcal O_ s/2\\pi i\\mathbb Z\\). One proves that, in case \\(\\Sigma\\) is compact, the section \\(f\\in H^ 0(\\partial\\Sigma, \\mathcal O^*_ s\\otimes\\Lambda)\\) is the restriction to \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\) of a section of \\(\\mathcal O^*_ s\\otimes\\Lambda\\) on \\(\\Sigma\\) if and only if for any section \\(u\\) of \\(\\mathcal O^*\\otimes\\Lambda^{\\vee}\\) on \\(\\Sigma\\), holomorphic up to the boundary, one has \\((f,u)_{\\partial\\Sigma}= \\prod_{\\alpha}(f,u)_{S_{\\alpha}}=1\\).  Take \\(s=\\frac{1}{2}\\) and let \\(B\\) be a positive definite bilinear form on the local system \\(\\Lambda\\) on \\(\\Sigma\\). Then, for \\(f\\in H^ 0(\\partial\\Sigma,\\mathcal O^*_{1/2}\\otimes\\Lambda)\\), \\(B\\) induces an inner product \\(B( , )_{\\partial\\Sigma}\\) and one shows that, if \\(f\\) is the boundary value of a holomorphic section \\(u\\) of \\(\\mathcal O^*\\otimes\\Lambda\\) on \\(\\Sigma^ 0\\), and \\(\\bar f\\) the complex conjugate of \\(f\\), then \\((*)\\) \\(B(f,\\overline{f})_{\\partial\\Sigma}\\geq 1\\), with equality if and only if \\(u\\) is locally constant. This follows from an explicit expression for the curvature of the line bundle with connection \\((u,\\overline{u})\\) on the two dimensional \\(\\text{C}^{\\infty}\\)-manifold (with boundary) \\(\\Sigma\\).    For compact \\(\\Sigma\\) with boundary \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\), let \\(\\text{L}\\) be the sheaf \\(\\Lambda\\otimes\\mathcal O^*_{1/2}\\) on \\(\\Sigma\\), and use the same notation for the sheaf \\(\\Lambda\\otimes\\mathcal O^*_{1/2}\\) on \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\). Thus the restriction of \\(\\text{L}(\\Sigma)\\) to \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\) embeds into \\(\\text{L}(\\partial\\Sigma)\\), but is not surjective! Also, assume an even symmetric bilinear form \\(B:\\Lambda\\otimes\\Lambda\\longrightarrow\\mathbb Z\\) and a central extension \\(E\\) of \\(\\Lambda\\) by \\(\\mathcal O^*_{\\infty}\\) are given. The commutator \\((x,y)=xyx^{-1}y^{-1}:E\\times E\\longrightarrow E\\) factors over \\(( , ):\\Lambda\\times\\Lambda\\longrightarrow\\mathcal O^*_{\\infty}\\). Suppose that for two local sections \\(\\lambda\\), \\(\\mu\\) of \\(\\Lambda\\) one has: \\((\\lambda,\\mu)=(-1)^{B(\\lambda,\\mu)}\\). One wants to construct a central extension with splitting over \\(\\text{L}(\\Sigma)\\), i.e.\\ a \\textit{Heisenberg group}, of the following form:   \\[ \\begin{tikzcd} 1 \\ar[r] & \\mathbb{C}^\\ast \\ar[r] & \\mathrm{L}(\\partial\\Sigma)^{\\sim} \\ar[r] & \\mathrm{L}(\\partial\\Sigma) \\ar[r] & {}\\\\ &&& \\mathrm L(\\Sigma) \\ar[ul]\\ar[u, \"\\mathrm{restriction}\"'] &  \\end{tikzcd}\\quad.\\tag{5} \\]  It is enough to restrict to a connected component (oriented circle) \\(S\\) of \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\). Let \\(\\text{L}\\) be a sheaf of groups on \\(S\\) and let \\(A\\) be an abelian group (constant sheaf). One defines a \\textit{central extension} of \\(\\text{L}\\) by the \\textit{stack} of \\(A\\)--torsors as the data of a \\textit{gerb} \\({\\mathcal G}(h)\\) bound by \\(A\\), for each local section \\(h\\) of \\(\\text{L}\\), with natural compatibility properties. With two sections \\(h_ 1\\), \\(h_ 2\\) of \\(\\text{L}\\) one associates the \\textit{commutator} \\((h_ 1,h_ 2)_{\\mathcal G}\\), an object of \\({\\mathcal G}((h_ 1,h_ 2))\\).    For a global section \\(h\\), the gerb \\(\\mathcal G(h)\\) defines an \\(A\\)-torsor \\(\\displaystyle\\int_ S{\\mathcal G}(h)\\): the set of isomorphism classes of global objects of \\(\\mathcal G(h)\\). This construction defines a central extension of \\(\\mathrm{L}(S)\\) by \\(A\\), written \\(\\displaystyle\\int_ S{\\mathcal G}\\), in Grothendieck's interpretation. The commutator defined by \\(\\displaystyle{\\int_ S{\\mathcal G}}\\), \\(\\displaystyle{\\text{L}(S)\\times\\text{L}(S)\\longrightarrow\\int_ S{\\mathcal G}}\\), associates with sections \\(h_ 1\\), \\(h_ 2\\) of \\(\\text{L}\\) the isomorphism class of \\((h_ 1,h_ 2)_{\\mathcal G}\\) in \\({\\mathcal G}((h_ 1,h_ 2))\\).    For the actual construction of \\({\\mathcal G}\\) on \\(\\Sigma\\) and \\(\\partial\\Sigma\\) a sheaf of auxiliary data \\({\\mathcal K}\\) to define a trivialisation of \\({\\mathcal G}(h)\\), is introduced. Here the bilinear form \\(B\\) enters. The final result for the commutators is independent of \\({\\mathcal K}\\): (i) \\((h_ 1,h_ 2)_{\\mathcal G}=B(h_ 1,h_ 2)\\); (ii) for the central extension of \\(\\text{L}(S)\\) by \\({\\mathbb{C}}^*\\), \\((h_ 1,h_ 2)=B(h_ 1,h_ 2)_ S\\). For positive definite \\(B\\), \\(h_ 1\\in\\text{L}(\\Sigma)\\) and \\(h_ 2=\\overline{h}_ 1\\), one obtains by \\((*)\\), \\((h_ 1,\\overline{h}_ 1)\\geq 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