{"entities":{"Q1188578":{"pageid":1199327,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1188578","lastrevid":69852933,"modified":"2026-04-13T10:46:50Z","type":"item","id":"Q1188578","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Lukasiewicz-Moisil algebras"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 44626"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$06154683-A79A-4572-8FA7-DDA10BA9BA29","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"ef2bd45f36d5f8be4309f3a0b547bfdf03744b85","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Lukasiewicz-Moisil algebras","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$FB2C2981-306B-4E8B-AC57-5B3430E3AD68","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"6c8c012c9e72b975a6f7f12c974a2388aa165214","datavalue":{"value":"0726.06007","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$2B780321-C78D-4B1A-A357-AFC9DD247A41","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"e1b112f80b62bb8a141d795b844a3ef39f964b62","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":579223,"id":"Q579223"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$E75C2EBC-5E1A-4899-AF89-C1A18C57C297","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"7883d6b4a608e309b16b988a97013f465b2e60b3","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1992-09-17T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$D62C701F-F62F-49A5-ADD8-06C0E4AA0F9A","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"019d2871b100df273306d0585dbf8ad70e0892ad","datavalue":{"value":"Many-valued logic was introduced by J. \u0141ukasiewicz, who defined a three-valued propositional calculus in 1920. Later, the same author considered n-valued propositional calculi, and, independently, E. Post studied a different n-valued propositional calculus.    Three-valued and four-valued \u0141ukasiewicz algebras were inroduced by G. Moisil with the purpose of obtaining the associated Lindenbaum-Tarski algebras of the corresponding logics of \u0141ukasiewicz, and later he introduced the notion of \\(n\\)-valued \u0141ukasiewicz algebras. But whereas the three-valued and four-valued \u0141ukasiewicz algebras are the Lindenbaum-Tarski algebras of the corresponding logics, A. Rose observed that this is not true for \\(n\\geq 5\\) because the \u0141ukasiewicz implication cannot be defined in terms of disjunction, conjunction, negation and endomorphisms in n-valued \u0141ukasiewicz algebras, \\(n\\geq 5\\). For this reason, R. Cignoli called these algebras Moisil algebras. On the other hand, Moisil introduced a propositional calculus whose corresponding Lindenbaum-Tarski algebra is precisely an n-valued \u0141ukasiewicz algebra. Then, while \u0141ukasiewicz algebras originated in \u0141ukasiewicz logics, they were created and developed by Moisil. That is why the authors name these algebras \u0141ukasiewicz-Moisil algebras (LM-algebras).    This monograph can be considered as a textbook on the algebraic side of the theory of LM-algebras, and also covers some applications to switching theory. The authors provide a detailed presentation of some of the most important papers on the subject and summarize others. In the first two chapters they present all the background needed for the understanding of the monograph: lattices, universal algebra, categories and topological dualities in lattice theory. After providing a thorough introduction to LM-algebras, they investigate Post algebras, axled LM-algebras, LM- algebras and Heyting algebras. Several representations of LM-algebras are presented. Also, monadic and polyadic LM-algebras are investigated. A chapter deals with \u0141ukasiewicz logics: the three-valued \u0141ukasiewicz logic in the Wajsberg axiomatization, the \\(n\\)-valued \u0141ukasiewicz logics in the Cignoli axiomatization, and a logic whose theorems are the propositions true for all \\(i\\in I\\) greater than a fixed \\(k\\in I.\\)    The detailed presentation will make this monograph useful for a semester course, but it will also be valuable as a reference for mathematicians, logicians and computer scientists. In addition, there is stimulating material in this monograph for further investigation.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$D68561F3-9FAA-4D4E-A13E-DC35341F1B8E","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e8c40330eb2379a40e6c9b62fdbcc32287207f24","datavalue":{"value":"06D30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$ACEDBC72-5447-466B-B78D-D952B26EE2D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"49526bacffdadf141a5ad593e6f59b443a3051aa","datavalue":{"value":"03G20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$451C1C1B-E773-4912-9BEC-C6B09689E4E7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"bf715f882d7ad0c07303aa3e6e3ac3725da52515","datavalue":{"value":"03B50","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$CA89FD64-1045-40A1-BADF-A833BBC62D78","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1e903e68a16880f66ed79a0863889f1b2d3c837c","datavalue":{"value":"94C10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$9EF4ED16-2CC3-4784-B7C5-685987715999","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dc06ae2409e0ba6d804d6ab8589a66353c5f76ca","datavalue":{"value":"62-02","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$E56267E7-5218-44BF-8E4D-DE56E7A3990D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"ce5b74470053f031a57488d42a2b289573daad5a","datavalue":{"value":"06D05","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$3E37AFB3-645A-4FFA-BC7B-561F0C9C3DC8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"1223d796215bbf4bcae3c67b36ec5aaeab489659","datavalue":{"value":"06D20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$1A719488-6C5B-4F6C-924A-4139134469F5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"33055bf2c57773bb56b9bc1e7d8347ad65fe4047","datavalue":{"value":"06D25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$18B87B50-6958-475E-AFE2-6B8018D093D3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"67d83a420633c5e61caca50109886be8d1d7a17a","datavalue":{"value":"03G25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$1FD78646-D496-4216-BFEC-07C280A14565","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"9577ccb6973103e8f41cb9e37851a235447d8805","datavalue":{"value":"08B30","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$563E89DB-9E99-41A8-84C8-91EBF48D2394","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"3d39b5ea63b750240d68675baa425de3a48752c8","datavalue":{"value":"06-01","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$67EFBEA9-8CF7-4AC1-8879-62E4F2208458","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"7469182ce96145d7ac2ae36b6163692c78ee812e","datavalue":{"value":"44626","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$56FA0CB9-BAC9-4F38-BE3E-50F6C508933B","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b3dc69ff4d2aa7964e698de4155e39d5872d5fc5","datavalue":{"value":"\u0141ukasiewicz algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$5A7AC351-ECFF-4C72-B540-10634D358BE4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"eff6c39b7da637c2e5f7f1c322adfb4af3d13714","datavalue":{"value":"applications to switching theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$676AF60B-EB0F-4012-8398-A3CB697626C4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"53d437f0337307634254181bdf8dfb02d99b3549","datavalue":{"value":"Post algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$1BCDE02C-4968-43AD-99AF-5D51259FFC94","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5fa90d9b43357ac49f07caba3b29b66354b3e6fb","datavalue":{"value":"Heyting algebras","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$68BA668A-D160-42BD-93D8-CCF62F8B8D2F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1faf8468e79a01663beec97348aa6b18da393113","datavalue":{"value":"representations","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$EBE290E1-0FD5-4711-B250-6700A204684D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"d3cf2e741af8389e6eeae6dd4c007e446c609511","datavalue":{"value":"\u0141ukasiewicz logics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$EA64C1BC-3BE3-4150-8196-171D69BEFA84","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"589638e581b41cace5883fc57c9837f8ca67beb5","datavalue":{"value":"Wajsberg axiomatization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$73108278-737B-4E0E-93C1-38C3C43115EE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"95ecaa5a5cf4835db7e1b8dba07a94aa76468c02","datavalue":{"value":"Cignoli axiomatization","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$995F2A2C-31A4-409C-A436-19E09042FA40","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"537863971b459b88dde3d0dc023461bf3c85d772","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1113899,"id":"Q1113899"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$957BB089-1D24-4F4B-8823-AD26B7CB35A5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"74414a58a3d890de43a8caddf347dea740d84cba","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1148927,"id":"Q1148927"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$045CCC0D-F9B5-4B0A-A4D3-2F91647C6181","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"3ccb0bfd6631a1549ad4fd4e04d60519169799c2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":377476,"id":"Q377476"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$A5353A68-34CE-4F91-A6EC-48710AFD21B2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6106353bae62e296d13d6aae332b4a0837155359","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588921,"id":"Q588921"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$C60D44CF-A702-473F-AE61-CA90BF07BA00","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"f95cd7386eedaef653f8227ca61e824db8c93f6e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":587967,"id":"Q587967"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$CC38DF86-9AE1-4F97-8442-5FF464006D91","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1188578$D5A30B95-65E3-484E-84FD-8CB28558886B","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"0479943db6bbca48af4b65c47ed06caeea9f163d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4918412,"id":"Q4918412"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7d71a9a896cf17fd20300ab918499701ae7f0c1d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8540840148925781","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1188578$BA54745C-82CD-4D60-92ED-2B092E3F2D46","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"efc31bba28353224eaa08d04c2b43ffe377c02e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5389292,"id":"Q5389292"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"0bfae9e082b39488b39e2793ed8b0dc4dc9afed4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8504704833030701","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1188578$3C595D34-A522-4014-AB50-6DBA1B31D066","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"9fc31ba7255a03188c4a31edc2caea8237891ede","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3775558,"id":"Q3775558"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f83b5bf504c09977754df207e1f5c35ce05c4f5c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8454710841178894","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1188578$3BD5CDC2-E759-4C47-AFC1-2C58F245DD9F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"7352e08c5ea33ac4f8bd01321d432a1bbd19979f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3377759,"id":"Q3377759"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9ad8bd2202fac5190ab0d772597b742eb514b8c4","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8394123315811157","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1188578$DD957AB1-A185-466A-B087-21D1E028D69C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1c3510d240a7e427d7c8fae50c2d6662ca34a7fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":795040,"id":"Q795040"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"67b49fa108f2302ad52d1c807dcd3e1e9cb79bb0","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8378615975379944","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1188578$DF852F39-6BE9-4FC6-8843-3721700E3940","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Lukasiewicz-Moisil algebras","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Lukasiewicz-Moisil_algebras"}}}}}