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Let \\(E\\subset R\\) and let \\(\\delta\\) be a positive function on \\(E\\). Then  \\[ S_ \\delta(f,E)=\\sup\\sum^ n_{i=1}| f(x_ i+h_ i)-f(x_ i-h_ i)|, \\]  where the supremum is with regard to all sequences \\(\\{[x_ i- h_ i, x_ i+h_ i]\\}\\) of nonoverlapping intervals with centers \\(x_ i\\in E\\) and with \\(h_ i<\\delta(x_ i)\\). The symmetric variation of \\(f\\) on \\(E\\) is defined by \\(VS_ f(E)=\\inf S_ \\delta(f,E)\\), where the infimum is taken over all positive functions \\(\\delta\\) on \\(E\\). \\(VS_ f\\) is an outer measure on the real line. The paper presents properties of functions having zero, finite or \\(\\sigma\\)-finite symmetric variation on an arbitrary set. 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