{"entities":{"Q1190619":{"pageid":1201368,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1190619","lastrevid":42932778,"modified":"2025-07-16T04:00:43Z","type":"item","id":"Q1190619","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"The monadic theory of \\((\\omega{}_ 2,<)\\) may be complicated"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 55780"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$21589548-33E2-4100-B3A9-291ABE05E217","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"b9e304b5ac1fff4973653dc3ad73dafc9a142918","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"The monadic theory of \\((\\omega{}_ 2,<)\\) may be complicated","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$8463CE5B-556B-449F-B80F-2F9A10899782","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"cfdf47e322edffac3e6b5fbe2d2f3a2181622006","datavalue":{"value":"0759.03006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$84581B55-B7E5-414A-8CA3-D53B2764523B","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"39a7e1efac059874e5eff80a0ee51c4c3212c4dd","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF01269949","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$01CDD520-C919-41EA-834F-289D8A878133","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"6e52b3824d22789596482a2b9058dbe14844e01d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1190618,"id":"Q1190618"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$B52BA144-5C2B-4014-8C3F-D83B0E4F54F6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"8259050cd83ce3945f173c3e3c741cd5ddddec01","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":169248,"id":"Q169248"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$17660E66-A7DC-4C2F-8043-320EE6CCDB47","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"a0a7cd28a9f85b9c6ad57bd5bb1ae477bfe37846","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":114337,"id":"Q114337"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$4E434C4F-5630-434F-9906-C9D6EE0CA0BF","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"d9b40ce89936be2de8343a01d1ced7ff59f76b3e","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1992-09-26T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$DCBC8D50-2D47-40CD-83BB-4FEF9C52C5C2","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"a9c45ce5594378122e8e063eb5a70708fcf16e0a","datavalue":{"value":"It would be an ill-posed problem to ask for a characterization of those sets \\(B\\subseteq\\omega\\) which are recursive is the monadic theory of \\((\\omega_ 2,\\leq)\\). In fact, a classical result of \\textit{Y. Gurevich, M. Magidor} and \\textit{S. Shelah} [J. Symb. Log. 48, 387-398 (1983; Zbl 0549.03010)] states that under the assumption of the existence of a weakly compact cardinal in the universe \\(V\\) of set theory, for every subset \\(B\\) of \\(\\omega\\) there is a generic extension \\(W\\) of \\(V\\) in which \\(B\\) is recursive in the monadic theory of \\((\\omega_ 2,\\leq)\\). Of course \\(W\\) depends on \\(B\\). In the present paper the same conclusion is obtained without the assumption of the existence of large cardinals. More precisely, the following main theorem is proved. There is a set of sentences \\(\\{\\theta_ n; n\\in\\omega\\}\\) in the monadic language of order such that: if \\(V\\) satisfies the GCH, then for each \\(B\\subseteq\\omega\\) there exists a forcing notion \\(P\\) which is \\(\\omega_ 1\\)-closed, satisfies the \\(\\omega_ 3\\)-chain condition, preserves cardinals, cofinalities and the GCH, \\(| P|=\\aleph_ 3\\), such that \\(P\\) forces \\(B=\\{n; (\\omega_ 2,\\leq)\\models\\theta_ n\\}\\).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$F9F0DA54-6A6C-4599-BE7C-DE2282AF970A","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dd8503cb84d44ac2adb520ebbb11872e6dc1ec3b","datavalue":{"value":"03B15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$B86C2223-322A-4918-BBA2-1870883BA656","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"933c6ba8322680c85da12d59920a0a8822c2db22","datavalue":{"value":"03E35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$05D018B7-3AE8-4982-9504-1CB374E22826","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"72f65e276a1bfda7549c7eff175c94833e55cbae","datavalue":{"value":"55780","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$97008AF1-2435-4698-97DA-96E4275023D0","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"39810ec381ba48fb5861c168391fa7d328efd8b1","datavalue":{"value":"higher-order logic","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$4652F49D-DF35-4266-9D22-B65B30F4F508","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b3cac355ddaf84702bb851e1974a646f351536a4","datavalue":{"value":"monadic theory","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$206DA260-A742-4BA3-B290-9366B4658A86","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"eb3a17ee2f0c95f4af0ba9495f7673eaa83e643d","datavalue":{"value":"generic extension","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$C11479B4-3074-42EC-A4F1-0766AF6AA26D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5801418fe6da9f7a012c19fafc5041a80636fe44","datavalue":{"value":"monadic language of order","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$672AC60B-7A6A-47C3-B512-48AF014C4D7A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"74aad338ad6e367910b952dec4aa3f9944364290","datavalue":{"value":"GCH","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$BD8735FE-4332-4671-857F-EA21154D170B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1b23248042bd506455f51600d00d7ec5443276f9","datavalue":{"value":"forcing","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$942DF2FA-CAAD-41F5-B663-3044889ED8B9","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"55e9113c6220e9e6d232e22a30f5ae02a0df4fd0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":691681,"id":"Q691681"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$C817BC5F-1AE2-4A92-938E-FB7E4F1CC65E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$6C1073DC-D7C6-4EE4-BE37-84061FF56C3E","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"366496f27963448786a05922fbb68a33edd1ebad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3342531,"id":"Q3342531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$09183C07-B0BF-4F2F-990B-F045D2B94FE8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"68c74e20c9157021aaf7d8167c88d779be5f8df1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1233019,"id":"Q1233019"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$3DFD581F-F33D-4EE2-B4CD-7FBE48DB99FD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"58585faf35296230dff2b05d5a1b579a4e0907c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1243716,"id":"Q1243716"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$A8FDBD54-6159-4988-A383-EDAB4702E696","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"daade9383c72c242ddad1e13560a6dec7611cf8a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3731597,"id":"Q3731597"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$224503EF-DEFC-419D-BEBF-D178AC8F4D25","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0b590439f9bed40ebdaa35e2b3fe514e80752839","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1147695,"id":"Q1147695"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1190619$393DBB6A-9C64-477D-91B2-98E0C2D468D9","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"d04ba04b45eb5daa8653447a508232d291c863a6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3342531,"id":"Q3342531"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"40c1070c9a2fe09fcd732a308685a715ba532dfb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.77400213","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$EEF4F18C-FDAE-4DEB-9F67-D17B493B7404","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6ab260d5698db5395d22c13fc5e99bc4da0676cf","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4983106,"id":"Q4983106"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9bb855edfe2348b1595bc730dec49c275e372c4e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.71671903","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$A0CFDA35-5B32-469C-8562-3DE1A90A5893","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"4303c058acee61539e5fac381b01ec0191842c33","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3981451,"id":"Q3981451"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"10abc8833f0a43d501241ca38b0380f8ceb6385d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7035411","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$678E9480-6223-4E5C-8314-166B38AF6563","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"93fd7f85b832bca01561a5f3b8ab19b23992d035","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3328514,"id":"Q3328514"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"89fea29340f2ee74c79faf564502ba54a25d3daa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.69098896","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$C21441C4-7EEA-4029-9546-C023C63C73A4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1d56b328540adbcc613b05dfa617d2ab9c56575b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3718701,"id":"Q3718701"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"8212401a631fca1e26c9d3b19d29479f9195d640","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6845014","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$87DF513F-1A7F-4089-B8BC-1053A3A2D539","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"568de91daac4fb4581c85efff30ef08dac8ae8a7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3760536,"id":"Q3760536"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6d80ddb5344692e28202c3e5867b7df40eeaea4f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.68160415","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$23D99A19-34BF-4EA0-942D-530F973A423C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"52ebc0fbb228427d5e707b613b5055ce544a32c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3346282,"id":"Q3346282"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"252b012cb9f6a40c33dce99a52a98f6816bbeca5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6808422","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$08A347CF-D0FB-49F1-A5B8-65527D878AA9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"c08206d71afa86d954936445e093b6fb8b4b9546","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4814930,"id":"Q4814930"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"4b41ebd0cd77bf8f26890cd6fa9de8d9791ff195","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.6798035","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$01C41C54-E162-4D5E-8B0C-E014D174496C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"75c72ba13293a05a0ac5011da91a7ef03af6f864","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3347854,"id":"Q3347854"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ff59323061c6eec95e85206d6c70928ba1c065bd","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67751485","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$23C5C592-D0AF-414A-BDAE-3AC6FA4A8AEE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"773540d2be03b0a3b6f529623731ad5f63b5518a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3760535,"id":"Q3760535"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ee6abba4b1ec554214588775d39de34e73f2716c","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.67635","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ba354e87a58191d58d132c60481c945a3234ce85","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6534273,"id":"Q6534273"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1190619$7A508BC5-093A-40E9-8E38-1EEBAED2CCB0","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1190619","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1190619"}}}}}