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From the mathematical point of view, the subject of the authors' consideration is the system of equations (1) \\(\\dot u=v[k(t)-1-\\alpha u(t-\\tau)]u(t)+vu_ 0\\), \\(\\dot k=k_ 0-k(t)- u(t)k(t)\\), i.e. a differential equation with a delayed argument. Here the running time \\(t\\) and the delay time \\(\\tau\\) are normalized to some relaxation time; \\(u\\) is the ratio of the radiation intensity to the saturation intensity, \\(k(k_ 0)\\) is the ratio of the gain factor (unsaturated) to the loss factor independent of the radiation intensity; \\(v=T_ a/T_ c\\) is the ratio of the relaxation time of the gain \\(T_ a\\) to the damping time of radiation in the cavity \\(T_ c\\), \\(\\alpha\\) is the parameter characterizing the feedback depth. The phase space of the system (1) is the direct product of the Banach space \\(C_{[-\\tau,0]}\\) of continuous functions on \\([-\\tau,0]\\) into \\(\\mathbb{R}^ 1\\). The authors introduce the subset \\(S_ 0\\in C_{[-\\tau,0]}\\) of functions having the properties (i) \\(\\psi(0)=1\\); (ii) \\(0\\leq\\psi(s)\\leq 1\\), \\(s\\in[-\\tau,0]\\); (iii) \\(\\int^ 0_{-\\tau}\\psi(s)ds\\leq[k_ 0v(1-e^{-\\tau})]^{-1}\\), and define the set of initial conditions as \\(S(h)=S_ 0\\times k_ 0h\\), \\(h\\in(0,1)\\), i.e. they consider solutions of (1) with the initial conditions \\(u(s)=\\psi(s)\\in S_ 0\\), \\(s\\in[-\\tau,0]\\) and \\(k(0)=k_ 0h\\). Then the system (1) is solved by the method of sequential integration steps, and different classes of solutions are considered under additional assumptions on the parameters \\(k_ 0\\) and \\(u_ 0\\). Parameter domains with different order of instability of the system steady state are determined. 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