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Let \\(F(\\rho)\\) be the free energy associated with the spatial density \\(\\rho\\), which is given by a functional restricted to the set \\(\\Lambda_ M\\) of the non-negative functions \\(\\rho\\) on \\(\\Omega\\) with given total mass \\(M\\). The Euler-Lagrange equation associated with the constrained variational problem \\(\\{F(\\rho);\\;\\Lambda_ M\\}\\) gives a nonlinear integro- differential equation, the so-called generalized Lane-Emden equation (G.L.E. equation). In this paper it is proved that \\(\\rho_ s\\) is a stationary solution for the associated Fokker-Planck equation for the mass distribution \\(\\rho\\) if and only if it is a solution of the G.L.E. equation. When the interaction kernel is bounded on \\(\\Omega\\) and uniformly continuous, the author establishes the existence of a global minimizer to the variational problem, which is a stable stationary solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. The second part of the paper is devoted to the case of gravitational self-interaction, when the free energy is not a convex functional and the G.L.E. equation may admit several solutions. It is proved that in a two-dimensional domain there exists a critical mass, beyond which the system may admit a gravitational collapse. 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