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A polynomial \\(g({\\mathbf X})\\in\\mathbb{F}_ q[{\\mathbf X}]\\) is called a permutation polynomial (abbreviated p.p.) in \\(n\\) variables if and only if the equation \\(g({\\mathbf X})=a\\) has \\(q^{n-1}\\) solutions for each \\(a\\in\\mathbb{F}_ q\\). Now let \\({\\mathbf X}\\) be partitioned as \\({\\mathbf X}=({\\mathbf X}_ 1,{\\mathbf X}_ 2,\\dots,{\\mathbf X}_ t)\\) where for each \\(i=1,2,\\dots,t\\), \\({\\mathbf X}_ i\\) is a vector of \\(v_ i\\) variables, \\(v_ 1+v_ 2+\\cdots+v_ t=n\\). Further, let \\(f_ i({\\mathbf X}_ i)\\) denote a polynomial in \\(v_ i\\) variables over \\(\\mathbb{F}_ q\\), and let \\(f({\\mathbf X})\\) be the polynomial defined by \\(f({\\mathbf X})=f_ 1({\\mathbf X}_ 1)+f_ 2({\\mathbf X}_ 2)+\\cdots+f_ t({\\mathbf X}_ t)\\). This paper derives necessary and sufficient conditions in order that \\(f({\\mathbf X})\\) be a p.p. in \\(n\\) variables.   More specifically, the author shows that \\(f({\\mathbf X})\\) is a p.p. if and only if for every order \\(p^{e-1}\\) subgroup \\(H\\) of the additive group \\(G=(\\mathbb{F}_ q,+)\\), some one of the \\(f_ i({\\mathbf X}_ i)\\) distributes the members of \\(F_ q^{v_ i}\\) uniformly over the cosets of \\(H\\) in \\(G\\). This result specializes to previously known results obtained by \\textit{R. Lidl} and \\textit{H. Niederreiter} [Acta Arith. 22, 257-265 (1973; Zbl 0261.12012)]. The present paper also gives necessary and sufficient conditions in order that a polynomial in \\(n\\) variables be a p.p. on the Galois ring \\(GR(p^ 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