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It can be written  \\[ Lf= h^{-1} \\sum_{i,j} \\partial_ i a_{ij} \\partial_ j\\cdot hf \\]  with \\(h\\), \\(h^{-1}\\), \\(a_{ij}\\in C^ \\infty\\) and real, and with the matrix \\((a_{ij})\\) non-negative. One associates to \\(L\\) a distance \\(d: d(x,y)\\leq r\\) means that there is an absolutely continuous part \\(\\ell(t)\\) starking at \\(x\\) and ending at \\(y\\) such that the speed vector \\(\\xi=\\dot\\ell(t)\\) is almost everywhere subunit to \\(L\\), i.e.  \\[ \\bigl(\\sum \\xi_ i\\lambda_ i\\bigr)^ 2\\leq \\sum a_{ij} \\lambda_ i \\lambda_ j,\\quad \\lambda_ i\\in\\mathbb{R}. \\]  The operator \\(L\\) is said to be a H\u00f6rmander operator if it can be written  \\[ L=\\sum X^*_ j X_ j, \\]  where \\(X_ j\\) are \\(C^ \\infty\\) vector fields, and \\(X^*_ j\\) is the formal adjoint of \\(X_ j\\).   Let \\(L_ 1\\), \\(L_ 2\\) be two such operators on \\(\\Omega\\), and let \\(d_ 1\\), \\(d_ 2\\) denote the corresponding distances. Consider the following conditions:   (i) There exists \\(C>0\\) such that  \\[ d^ \\alpha_ 1(x,y)\\leq C d^ \\beta_ 2(x,y),\\quad x,y\\in\\Omega. \\]  (ii) There exists \\(C>0\\) such that  \\[ \\| L^ \\beta_ 2 f\\|_{L^ 2}\\leq C\\bigl(\\| L^ \\alpha_ 1 f\\|_{L^ 2}+ \\| f\\|_{L^ 2}\\bigr),\\quad f\\in C^ \\infty_ 0(\\Omega). \\]  One proves that if \\(L_ 1\\) and \\(L_ 2\\) are subelliptic H\u00f6rmander operators, and if  \\[ d_ 1(x,y)\\leq C| x- y|^{1/2}, \\]  then (i) implies (ii) for arbitrary \\(\\alpha,\\beta>0\\). Conversely if (ii) holds for some fixed \\(\\alpha_ 0\\), \\(\\beta_ 0>0\\), then (i) holds for \\(\\alpha=\\alpha_ 0\\) and \\(\\beta=\\beta_ 0- \\varepsilon\\) and arbitrary \\(\\varepsilon>0\\).   This is obtained as a consequence of a basic commutation result, and most of the paper is devoted to its proof. Let \\(A\\) be a H\u00f6rmander operator, and let \\(S_ 1,\\dots,S_ k\\) be pseudo-differential operators, \\(S_ j\\in OPS^{n_ j}_{1,0}\\), \\(n_ j\\in\\mathbb{R}\\). 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