{"entities":{"Q1201263":{"pageid":1212012,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1201263","lastrevid":42939046,"modified":"2025-07-16T05:26:48Z","type":"item","id":"Q1201263","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Achromatic numbers and graph operations"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 97510"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$9C153082-7592-426A-8F70-EA725780F9A8","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"0c1a42fc69de2d9460b2fce2e9e796946af7a8e0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Achromatic numbers and graph operations","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$657819ED-B78B-4353-8D2E-CCA8D04DBF82","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"6f200bf9b325e792e76076d555169536c3385681","datavalue":{"value":"0760.05040","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$59E5BDA7-4E84-4335-AF11-7A0D2B12BAE7","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"c39e49f00a87d372546a9d76082f59d319109619","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0012-365X(92)90683-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$E84B135A-080A-4073-9446-B8CBF8F5ACF8","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"a3b5375d01a59455d415f2afee9796bf93e2b3c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":338573,"id":"Q338573"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$D0EFBAB5-BC67-466C-A461-3747E789944D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"18ae8a17c3adc7271ee2bcde54c611e5ecd53c5a","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1201262,"id":"Q1201262"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$3F567F05-6708-424D-99DE-3FEACD12A87C","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"38665fe4ed2b835132254a58832c329597060029","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":175483,"id":"Q175483"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$0F418C64-6725-414D-9661-157F5C4E8A2C","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"b0879f591850b4f9f14b2c481d3e08995aa22089","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1993-01-17T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$2DF94E58-285E-490B-AB41-784C9F5C748B","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"7555de899e465c761e540ee0c6310ef9e887b241","datavalue":{"value":"Many papers have been written on colourings and chromatic numbers, but not so many ones on achromatic numbers. While the chromatic number of a given graph \\(X\\) is the smallest \\(n\\) for which \\(X\\) admits a complete \\(n\\)- colouring, the achromatic number is the largest one with the same property. The authors study this branch of graph theory. They investigate the achromatic number of the disjoint union of graphs and the best possible lower bound for the categorical product of graphs. On the other hand, they show a surprising example of two graphs both with achromatic number exactly \\(a\\) such that their product has achromatic number approximately equal to \\((a)^{a^ 2/2}\\). Finally the authors show that the achromatic number of the product of graphs is bounded above.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$9DFBE9BD-5853-4912-ABB8-5C57D5761415","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"6f15d46cb8d4ffe0dbd9357e013b784d0f700114","datavalue":{"value":"05C15","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$BF88ABA9-4E2B-44A1-AB67-21C221FF07F3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"5a3bb76dbd41580d9287ece5137de80ddf22202f","datavalue":{"value":"05C35","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$3E6C353E-06CA-427F-B709-63F78D252431","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"f461b1feb96e79fc92d50e3cbafcfeeba8a9fb20","datavalue":{"value":"97510","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$D218957E-D40F-4788-B157-1AD587796E51","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"fd81b2942e8899c2ccc907b7e9232a24db5f5ce3","datavalue":{"value":"achromatic number","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$7B2A9A34-4C7F-4F30-9542-A5CC30AD069C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"a02790eb257c562a1e1481d0e881405f53826198","datavalue":{"value":"product of graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$BA696A26-2C3F-4C37-946A-8C0FD25B0C37","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"9eba0b72e5d8aac65beb6bda8d4b1353d1919bbe","datavalue":{"value":"union of graphs","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$1D91625E-A95A-4088-A2B6-2C2A7D1F6F3E","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b454e8a578ef8cb370577460ef0ad5a7bf31e417","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1227055,"id":"Q1227055"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$A559C935-C7E3-4953-805F-7BC6DDBBD8F9","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$98F5B2F5-B719-44A8-AA35-74020CBC358B","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"99b23c5616fca5ce7e6cc41d1a4fedcfd3c84f11","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3815317,"id":"Q3815317"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$7E0D1C46-025C-4F64-8490-2F9DAD4A6A05","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c36a5b400cc220f1343819efbe053be19779966c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1063620,"id":"Q1063620"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$68B8F348-E970-439C-AEF5-4F799B40B070","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"5028065ceb61d7fbbcc8d74c873e6a965e0cc43f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1110530,"id":"Q1110530"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$7468CBE1-4575-4750-BE34-ECDA5A02AAB8","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0e59d85d4a1170aa972b323434598ba9d452ef79","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4097314,"id":"Q4097314"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$AE173BED-713C-45D0-A02C-17255F18647B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"6182abccc0e33e24fa5b24b0dbba6b76e7fc0ffe","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1233029,"id":"Q1233029"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$8B8A55DF-D3AC-450A-8E33-14ED85C967E1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"88c3edef96f58fee186f70d2b8967b92c69e5108","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5621382,"id":"Q5621382"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$247BB6BA-BC15-4090-82D9-9D7A5DE4F736","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"d69d174525338f924e4ec71fc53408edb377cab5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1149444,"id":"Q1149444"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$64E3C6ED-F333-47D0-829B-25952FF25091","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"a2bd47b3d7d8840e5bd7dd266c61cfb25ce0ae8e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4083463,"id":"Q4083463"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$3B7397E2-B5E2-4F79-9688-AC5A3B8747B3","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"a103a828f00753669280b295eb6677c0aad710fc","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-365x(92)90683-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$0D67B78D-03DA-431E-992E-C7DA4D2821CE","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"92397308e049bd01ba23722298d5598c406870fa","datavalue":{"value":"W2027719300","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1201263$F6EDF9E6-2C70-4F72-A86D-40B4CBCF711F","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"83042f3b6d5555590542a4feee712589c6d15dab","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3320413,"id":"Q3320413"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"fcbaa733e7da34cd9a287b3c2e690c61ff032b55","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8969414","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$2681839C-4A8D-4889-9110-E6A9F5C57E61","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"017b593c564259eebcd07687e5e3f3517ec750c8","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2656326,"id":"Q2656326"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2d76e3529a33fed197d24ad2fb6b6874d873f3aa","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8874191","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$13ABD36F-AEFC-4D95-88BE-63B011C3922A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5476152cdafc596c701cf38586292c03d4739e75","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1065819,"id":"Q1065819"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"785e809186c90a7f8009a4d0ef65770d91ead6a2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8818883","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$F9DB8B6C-2078-407F-BD6D-0811DCBF65A9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"b4d98a3d77a64f1658b06257fda175d3d8d8292f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3216676,"id":"Q3216676"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"785e809186c90a7f8009a4d0ef65770d91ead6a2","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8818883","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$F4165531-540A-463D-953D-C5E6C175B11A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"af7f00c7f567e6a372f150a6cd135bfa8f125eb2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3110148,"id":"Q3110148"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"43ad963b4c1f10d2585db92900ac955a8d9cee0d","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.856646","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$51272449-FE50-4554-9984-9CC8EDBAE2D5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cb014d9a772eb037faf7c93495a70b520ec0cd80","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2839260,"id":"Q2839260"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"aeb65c389607267efd8e8222dd5bf3ba0a26292b","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8563773","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$60871F0F-11D0-4D21-811A-DC686DD0A55E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"707c80dc69e27ce24e48c56a27ff32f61845f944","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5429791,"id":"Q5429791"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"13f70d9c616f99a48510b2d38004dacd3722b107","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.85216486","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$04E01C49-4AF2-4631-8C56-7AC4D433FA17","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"143d4383e055151f5d180f56a7a47b6356023973","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5013343,"id":"Q5013343"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ee7b9bd726bc4a9d44c017a7b084cffa5c5b8c00","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.85054725","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$7A942D49-3F22-4653-8E8A-BDE2E9C6A3D0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3028fa26a91a0c7751842b9f77d748da6c8512fa","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4364806,"id":"Q4364806"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"1d023908e274db05426affbd006b722cab13d1a7","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84980947","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$6E8DF5E3-B575-4144-A7B3-006B1A12F08E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"dbb2cc8c274e66a77fa84cadeff079bf83569b28","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3984024,"id":"Q3984024"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"c34fe7a1090dc6b2baf2979b79b05d15cf8d871e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.84392667","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1201263$0AF61DCA-BC5D-4A19-A9CD-9C16028EBB63","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Publication:1201263","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Publication:1201263"}}}}}