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Suppose that the base field \\(K\\) is equipped with a place \\(\\mathfrak p\\) (trivial or nontrivial), with residue field \\(k\\). The Riemann \\(\\mathfrak p\\)-space of \\(F\\vert K\\) consists of those extensions \\(\\mathfrak P\\) of \\(\\mathfrak p\\) to \\(F\\) which have the same residue field, namely \\(k\\). Every element \\(f\\in F\\) defines naturally a function \\(f\\colon S_{\\mathfrak p}\\to k\\cup \\infty\\), assigning to \\(\\mathfrak P \\in S_{\\mathfrak p}\\) the image \\(f(\\mathfrak P)\\in k\\cup \\infty\\). Consider the ring \\(I_{\\mathfrak p}\\) of those \\(f\\in F\\) whose corresponding functions are holomorphic, i.e. \\(f(\\mathfrak P)\\ne \\infty\\) for all \\(\\mathfrak P \\in S_{\\mathfrak p}\\). Now if the field \\(k\\) carries a topology then this induces naturally a topology on the Riemann \\(\\mathfrak p\\)-space \\(S_{\\mathfrak p}\\), and the holomorphic functions from \\(L_ {\\mathfrak p}\\) are continuous.   Question:  Is Weierstrass approximation theorem true for the ring of holomorphic functions? In other words: Is every continuous function \\(\\varphi\\colon: S_{\\mathfrak p} \\to k\\) (uniformly) approximable by holomorphic functions \\(f \\in L_{\\mathfrak p}\\)?   In the present paper it is shown that the answer is affirmative, provided the residue field \\(k\\) is of one of the following types: (I) \\(k\\) is finite. (II) \\(k\\) is the field of formal power series over a finite field. (III) \\(k\\) is the field \\(\\mathbb Q_p\\) of rational \\(p\\)-adic numbers or a finite extension of that field (for some prime number \\(p\\)). Applications are given to the theory of formally \\(p\\)-adic fields. In particular, the explicit construction of totally \\(p\\)-integral elements is discussed in detail.   Remark by the author: Since each of the conditions (I) -- (III) imply that \\(S_{\\mathfrak p}\\) is compact, the validity of our Weierstrass approximation theorem can also be deduced from the paper of \\textit{D. G. Cantor} [Pac. J. Math. 21, 473--478 (1967; Zbl 0146.37301)]. See also the more general theorem: \\textit{P. R. Chernoff}, \\textit{R. A. Rasala} and \\textit{W. C. 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