{"entities":{"Q1249667":{"pageid":1260417,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1249667","lastrevid":67326957,"modified":"2026-04-12T16:53:05Z","type":"item","id":"Q1249667","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Rational approximation. II"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3600340"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$4AC90306-7158-4ABB-A3D0-E456E51D7D82","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"7b090c128e6e4807e62d2cadc2b5acd79cba63f3","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Rational approximation. II","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$4A5634DC-41D0-4DE3-B188-04F3665046F6","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"878e6753b346b40a9bea0843d45bfd6d42590605","datavalue":{"value":"0386.30020","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$112E2AB4-2FAD-4D4A-8DE6-592EB9D8B5FA","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"2a7dd4bb002ca78ac4c3274e6388f33fa4148bd0","datavalue":{"value":"10.1016/0001-8708(78)90008-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$09729D42-47C1-40E8-A457-5E90A8C62F3B","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"698dc84eea5c885855b4c2e1d969bb2e1e5ae9e7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":909169,"id":"Q909169"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$9197C533-4B96-45A1-8A1E-BDE4CD30C1C2","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"deaa3d2e05a369d146cab7a9ff4fb5db72498c48","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1060363,"id":"Q1060363"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$A4908289-9F28-477A-B0A6-5B5B3D092B12","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"fb00475fd567190194461a0f087df1793eeae7c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6480801,"id":"Q6480801"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$85BA0352-02A1-4040-AFE8-EC3DC39F8F03","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"87fedd43d9515b94c7651de65777aba7be17422f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":165833,"id":"Q165833"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$9D565751-B527-4EE7-9AE9-C4C7F60A9CD1","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"23512e79b17ec0dbe00d89a570006ab4e1ecd403","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1978-00-00T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":9,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$CD0D6C28-41DF-42C9-83FD-F5D4DB0146ED","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"423c54d4e3eccb8cde711bd35261afe5c829ea7a","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\(\\pi_m\\) denote the class of all real polynomials of degree at most \\(m\\) and \\(\\pi_{m,n}\\) denote the collection of all rational functions \\(r_{m,n}(x)=\\frac{p(x)}{q(x)}, p\\in\\pi_m, q\\in\\pi_n\\). Let \\(\\lambda_{m,n}\\equiv\\lambda_{m,n}(f^{-1})=\\inf_{r_{m,n}\\in\\pi_{m,n}}\\left\\|\\frac1{f(x)}-\\gamma_{m,n}(x)\\right\\|_{l_{\\infty}[0,\\infty]}\\) where \\(f\\), given by \\(f(z)=\\sum_{k=0}^{\\infty}a_kz^k\\), is an entire function with all non-negative coefficients. In Part I [\\textit{P.Erd\u0151s} and \\textit{A.R.Reddy}, Adv. Math. 21, 78-109 (1976; Zbl 0334.00019)] , the authors mainly reviewed and proved certain results concerning \\(\\lambda_{0,n}\\). In the present paper, which contains 22 theorems, the authors devote themselves to show that for certain classes of entire functions the error obtained by rational functions of degree \\(n\\) in approximating on \\([0,\\infty)\\) under the uniform norm is much smaller than the error obtained by recipocals of polynomials of degree \\(n\\). For example, they show in Theorem 10 that if \\(f\\) is an entire function of order \\(\\rho(1\\leq\\rho< \\infty)\\), type \\(\\tau\\) and lower type \\(\\omega(0< \\omega\\leq\\tau< \\infty)\\), then for every polynomial \\(P_n(x)\\) of degree \\(n\\) and all large \\(n\\), there exist positive constants \\(a\\) and \\(b\\) for which \\(\\left\\|\\frac{x+1}{f(x)}-\\frac 1{P_n(x)}\\right\\|_{L_{\\infty}[0,\\infty)}\\geq a\\exp((-bn^{1-1/3\\rho})\\) whereas in Theorem 17 they establish that for such functions there is some \\(\\beta (0< \\beta< 1)\\) such that \\(\\lambda_{1,n}\\left(\\frac{1+x}{f(x)}\\right)\\leq\\beta^n\\). It has also been shown that for certain entire functions, for example \\(f(z) = e^{e^{z}}\\), there is little difference between the errors abtained by rational functions and the errors obtained by recipocals of polynomials. Incidentally, the following interesting results has also been obtained: \\[ \\lim_{n\\to\\infty}\\left[\\lambda_{0,n}(xe^{-x})\\right]^{1/2\\log n}=e^{-1}=\\lim_{n\\to\\infty}\\left[\\lambda_{0,n}((1+x)e^{-x})\\right]^{{1/(2n)}^{2/3}}. \\]","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$6E259DF9-CFED-4CCA-8546-D6609725339E","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"478c38ccba56b0dbac3ce562138b436c0d4370f1","datavalue":{"value":"30E10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$B27E9BFF-E534-48A2-BAA9-E06637B4A6B6","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"adf42b3173fe95d034b2b316faa1f1b64987b699","datavalue":{"value":"41A20","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$8DE9CCF4-C360-4063-98EF-1184456B509B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"dbe7739c02784b5dbd4723e3101dc4f5f70dec58","datavalue":{"value":"41A25","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$5A13E01C-9F43-45F9-899C-001B5330CC6C","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"d0dc6a56f1df72423238f9f5c3d58233dad530b2","datavalue":{"value":"3600340","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$C9790729-D08D-4811-B40D-918E67BE4615","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"2480181a826f4e6fee874122daa37c52a43320ff","datavalue":{"value":"Q105530328","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$4F244AA0-5ED1-47AC-AC3A-D5FBF39C6A0D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"6b31680b33763ebd11e9e2dce2652eb00661febc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":802036,"id":"Q802036"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$6DA31FF2-10F4-4E2D-8FB6-E2F13FED9D1E","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$771FBBA7-ABF8-474F-AA5B-5A91980C3C6C","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"89f83daf10f8b280da281c44e7ba5034f366afd0","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8708(78)90008-7","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$45784B2F-6C85-4AA4-8721-574E47021F07","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"ea3cd99775208c05b87a685697e03f9044b7fa9b","datavalue":{"value":"W2111342130","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$6521295C-842C-4851-B7A2-F1FD03C2C039","rank":"normal"}],"P223":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"b95c0972d060ce4118cd3b77e6aedba973225ceb","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5833361,"id":"Q5833361"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$2DBD3731-B752-41B8-87C9-EA5B0AC473A0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"c7451397e0adc994f0965fa08a7ee056d9d4f640","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1228871,"id":"Q1228871"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$E7798579-2BC6-4725-80A7-59BF4592C540","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dedfb5259fe8efa0d4e48cffb68a72b09bac97e1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5732796,"id":"Q5732796"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$6977B680-9E97-4A3A-A314-BC68CD0C69D7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"236db9cdd62998c78494353faf22fb53a0b9d57d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4137569,"id":"Q4137569"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$D33513C7-1317-4588-B048-275FF622B102","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"0509d5c3bee5af39aad20be83e419e17c72f6720","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5556610,"id":"Q5556610"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$20F43A36-E601-44F7-8A61-263257A99B94","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"dca3a264e1a750bc591aee7db560467fb59b2ba6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5919209,"id":"Q5919209"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$CBCEBE0D-A990-48DD-A1E1-422F3798E724","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"86ed28af6a6eb5cf8eb16186e729d5a5882ef8af","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1230046,"id":"Q1230046"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$2F15FB55-772E-4F2B-9DA6-952646A3F58F","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"f21eeb0fab400ebfa2584db0da5963900995c064","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1241858,"id":"Q1241858"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$34046462-E337-457C-BEE7-D27A649DE212","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"02b98897b5f18b90f19475cdaccc1a28294f4876","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1253385,"id":"Q1253385"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$4B6617B7-5651-4A29-88DA-036970310B05","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"1ebb5af1fe0ef697f14eca9fbf08331130fdd0c4","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5905875,"id":"Q5905875"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$ABAE05DE-6D6B-44FF-B70A-EFBFD17F0275","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"cd10993c94062757e06d6751824271658c322ef7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4092374,"id":"Q4092374"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$5D7FDF76-AEBA-4586-98DA-A166109831AF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"7b87d2ff0e372dc2f3cb4321f72344297bd4ba20","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1843002,"id":"Q1843002"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$B01CE367-2B34-42F6-B9D9-1D513AD1CE13","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P223","hash":"ffde048cbbde352d1bcbde643cadf9da448780e3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5727762,"id":"Q5727762"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1249667$3CF0A3BC-96C5-4797-AA21-49EEF9DBC890","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"666cfef32325eb0fc5267476767eb717a8e13133","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1228871,"id":"Q1228871"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"96fe8800ac1e78bbd711256215eebe130f28ac1e","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9218081831932068","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1249667$D43B5FDE-22BA-44C1-A0AB-A2E39F975D61","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"632c2ff5c5efefb07c475e519089f1d168b56dd1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5179892,"id":"Q5179892"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3683cf906f38e6d78d9af5a4c051c6bebdde8f53","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9058356285095216","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1249667$ADDCC355-87B6-498E-8DAF-F5FDDF311A42","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3a8d852ad1bd0298a595cc0d83ebbc751fde6153","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4116868,"id":"Q4116868"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"d4e6d93499407fed11549fb1d2233fb6a1c17742","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.902948558330536","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1249667$6FFBC8F3-CA58-4139-BA9F-C416F673E6C9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3b8aa6a67bd7a568fb73354eda5b340aec58a56f","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":4325215,"id":"Q4325215"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"f9e04a4ee0541ce1203dfad99544a268ab03f474","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9007932543754578","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1249667$983489B9-074B-49C6-95A5-F2171DA3C9E4","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"e23beff50dc31b546c71c1a4ae59d5c3d6217c10","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2264930,"id":"Q2264930"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ec2cd5630d424bea96c51a248494a38eee2b1479","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.897574782371521","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1249667$167BB3CD-43FF-4F13-AD17-E3CB5947EA7C","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Rational approximation. II","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Rational_approximation._II"}}}}}