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They can be obtained as the linearization of the highly nonlinear field equations obeyed by \\(\\phi\\). As a consequence, Maxwell equations in vacuum have topological solutions characterized by a Hopf index equal to the linking number of any pair of magnetic lines. This allows the classification of the electromagnetic fields in homotopy classes, labeled by the value of the helicity. Although the model makes use of only c- number fields, the helicity verifies always the condition \\(\\int A\\cdot Bd^ 3r=na\\), n being an integer and \\(a\\) an action constant, which necessarily appears in the theory because of reasons of dimensionality. 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