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La formalisation math\u00e9matique de la s\u00e9paration d'\u00e9chelles, qui conduit \u00e0 la mod\u00e9lisation des grandes \u00e9chelles, est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sous d'un filtre passe-bande en fr\u00e9quence. Dans le deuxi\u00e8me chapitre on donne les propriet\u00e9s du filtre dans le cas homog\u00e8ne et isotrope, puis on fait l'extension au cas inhomog\u00e8ne. L'auteur d\u00e9crit cette formalisation et son application aux \u00e9quations de Navier-Stokes, d'abord pour le cas homog\u00e8ne. Pour le cas inhomog\u00e8ne, les \u00e9quations sont obtenues par application des filtres commutants au second ordre. Il est aussi pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e pour ce cas la technique propos\u00e9e par \\textit{S. Ghosal} et \\textit{P. Moin} [J. Comput. Phys. 118, No. 1, 24-37 (1995; Zbl 0822.76069)] pour r\u00e9duire l'erreur de commutation.   Deux chapitres sont consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 la mod\u00e9lisation fonctionelle, un pour le cas isotrope et l'autre pour les cas anisotropes. Ensuite, les mod\u00e8les appartenant \u00e0 la famille des modeles structurels sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s. Dans une classification qui peut etre suivi dans le chapitre 6, ces mod\u00e8les sont: des mod\u00e8les d\u00e9riv\u00e9s au moyen des d\u00e9veloppements formels en s\u00e9rie, des mod\u00e8les d\u00e9riv\u00e9s au moyen bas\u00e9s sur les \u00e9quations de transport pour les composantes du tenseur sous-maille, ceux construits \u00e0 partir des mod\u00e8les d\u00e9terministes pour les structures sous-maille et enfin ceux qui font appel \u00e0 l'hypoth\u00e8se de similarit\u00e9 d'\u00e9chelles.   Le 7-\u00e8me chapitre est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l'analyse des certains aspects pratiques de la simulation des grandes \u00e9chelles. Un des aspects est la diff\u00e9rence entre le filtrage defini par un produit de convolution et celui impos\u00e9 \u00e0 la solution durant le calcul par le mod\u00e8le sous-maille. Un autre point est le lien entre la longueur de coupure du filtre et la taille de maille utilis\u00e9e. Enfin, le dernier aspect trait\u00e9 dans ce chapitre est l'analyse comparative des erreurs num\u00e9riques et des termes sous-mailles.   Un autre chapitre discute les conditions aux limites pour les simulations des grandes \u00e9chelles, et on y consid\u00e8re specialement les cas des parois solides et des conditions en amont.   Les derniers chapitres pr\u00e9sentent la mise en oeuvre de la technique de simulation des grandes \u00e9chelles et quelques examples d'applications. Y sont d\u00e9crits: les procedures de calcul dela longueur de coupure associ\u00e9e \u00e0 une maillage quelconque, les filtres tests discrets employ\u00e9s pour calculer les mod\u00e8les sous-maille et enfin le calcul du mod\u00e8le de fonction de structure de 2-\u00e8me ordre, sur un maillage quelconque. Maintenant, concernant les applications pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans le livre, le cas d'une turbulence homog\u00e8ne anisotrope met en \u00e9vidence une meilleure \u00e9tude des models sous-mailles. Autres exemples pratiques se rapportent aus \u00e9coulements poss\u00e9deant une direction d'inhomog\u00e9neit\u00e9 et au plus une direction d'homog\u00e9neit\u00e9.   Pour compl\u00e9ter l'oeuvre, il y a deux annexes: dans la premi\u00e8re sont rappell\u00e9es quelques notions sur l'analyse statistique et spectrale et dans la seconde on d\u00e9crit succintement le mod\u00e8le EDQNM dans ses versions isotrope et anisotrope.    En conclusion, le livre offre la possibilit\u00e9 de l'initiation \u00e0 la simulation des grandes \u00e9chelles, mais aussi d'apprendre des r\u00e9sultats modernes concernant cette 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