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He uses existence results for the problem \\((1 _0)\\) in the presence of lower and upper solutions derived from known maximum principles for the operator \\(L _n u = u^{(n)} + M u\\) (\\(M \\neq 0\\)) in the space of periodic functions.    It is proved that if \\(f\\) satisfies \\((f(t,x) - f(t,y)) (x-y) \\geq -M (x-y)\\) for some \\(M>0\\) such that the operator \\(L _n\\) is inverse positive, \\(\\lim _{| x | \\to \\infty}{f(t,x)}=+\\infty\\) uniformly in \\(t\\) and \\(| \\text{ess sup}_{t \\in [0,T]} f(t,0) |< +\\infty\\) then there exists a real number \\(s _0\\) such that \\((1 _s)\\) has no solution for \\(s < s _0\\), at least one solution for \\(s = s _0\\) and at least two solutions for \\(s > s _0\\).    In the proof a pair of lower and upper solutions are constructed to assure the existence of solutions. The multiplicity results are given by the excision and addition properties of the coincidence 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