{"entities":{"Q1279513":{"pageid":1290263,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1279513","lastrevid":67212012,"modified":"2026-04-12T16:05:31Z","type":"item","id":"Q1279513","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"Leibniz's dynamics and optics"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1249151"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$F5084BA4-E48A-42A4-A480-8A287F51FCFC","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"0388106aaf0436504a7e168df7214b677d20e1c0","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"Leibniz's dynamics and optics","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$F751C615-3560-4B2A-A639-3A3A5712CB50","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"f0bf4b7d5f97e70a5c7d4ae6b08d653e0e5cb0e9","datavalue":{"value":"0915.01006","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$45EB5350-8125-4FFB-ADA2-28106F955C84","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"27168c43ef4045768b61f390d7c35e155bf3a053","datavalue":{"value":"10.1007/BF02913782","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$39083EBE-802A-4597-8670-B413F3A731CA","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"9c7a7088b5842c4c1163b64e96d4dc6037286ba2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1279512,"id":"Q1279512"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$78324037-F9BB-4340-8044-B2C9F49AF166","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"c2da156df418fd7481f592dc36eb0efe3720a565","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":174861,"id":"Q174861"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$BA9D3FB4-293D-41D5-AD45-2EFB09B746F2","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"32282533f2d59bf2a0a0ef6574e9c39e22e0ff10","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1999-02-10T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$7E886BE3-7F45-4A32-8632-D1D9EF3B069E","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"e708efa31d5c857a07c83c6a67e0a841a88f63eb","datavalue":{"value":"The article deals with Leibniz's foundation of the law of refraction that had previously been discovered by Snellius, Descartes and Fermat. Disturbed by the fact that his predecessors had derived the same law from contradicting assumptions about the dependence of the velocity of light upon the density of transparent media, Leibniz presented a solution of the refraction problem that was based on a dynamical model combining a new metaphysics with a new mathematics, namely the infinitesimal methods described in his famous paper \\textit{Nova methodus pro maximis et minimis}. According to the author, Leibniz's synthesis of dynamics and optics is characteristic of the transition from geometrical to physical optics in the late 17th century. This was the beginning of a new physics in which Descartes's mechanical models were no longer the only legitimate explanation of natural phenomena.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$873F23FF-452A-4504-9F11-21DC7768AA6D","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"5df78fe7b068a800b13c885c788b1b93236da497","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":588898,"id":"Q588898"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$4FB598E3-F5FB-4800-8563-3064AC1A728A","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"01054dc6ba33aba8a952621f3343b259f4539d2d","datavalue":{"value":"01A45","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$8C76E623-9620-4B9B-AE09-ED66A3DEE5D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"e55384cd57de5c7a48002e808500a299b0ca951f","datavalue":{"value":"78-03","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$FF15509F-D1D9-4F9F-8376-B6D0AF0A1A3E","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"8b7861b2ba0f5965d99d7727f4e7b79581ae657d","datavalue":{"value":"1249151","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$6543213D-52A0-47FF-B642-89D5B629A88F","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"441c772f42dfcc384f62e86d17bec66ecab5bf15","datavalue":{"value":"optics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$22F3F22B-0BA8-44B1-AF66-41A6C5D88EB5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"bd27e46592f130330ebc1251c159880402faa66b","datavalue":{"value":"dynamics","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$7D8DCDA9-7B5E-4808-9DAF-D822B54C06BD","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"5b5546af902ea4a4cfc01d744a9d253c7ebeb98c","datavalue":{"value":"refraction","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$2EDB2B4E-4662-4034-A676-96DC21AC42E5","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"6bfa7fe0d65c8c2a0749fd7571ea707803fdd6d1","datavalue":{"value":"17th century","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$D7A31661-B978-4071-959A-E8786A26A991","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"823b07eb4e4726a0516087a4837be869d9050099","datavalue":{"value":"Snellius","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$FE9F09C5-FC96-49A9-BEE7-57644C10EA32","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"99d79c3261640497973ab52a66981389092e65c3","datavalue":{"value":"Descartes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$BD38F346-0C2D-40B3-923A-FAF1B8CF724D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"1d69d6d326c7d098b82ce567c1b8513616e19f2d","datavalue":{"value":"Fermat","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$A6478563-3030-423B-9BFC-24A3798C9B7C","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$8BD897B3-B2C9-486D-8C3A-A3A807ACF6F8","rank":"normal"}],"P12":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P12","hash":"585e1e1eea3f461c88fdc92dbbc9285dd552113c","datavalue":{"value":"Q123238259","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$2F910A83-5B1C-407A-9531-BA7E81703D3F","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"6951cad6b6295d5141fc2fd79cbf8123a5229572","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02913782","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$C3ACFF2A-E604-45D0-A764-5946536683CD","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"3b3fd14c9030e79f4081504344f8a65d56334ad7","datavalue":{"value":"W2080230055","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1279513$3AF5CA56-DC5B-496D-BC26-6D87B56DDAD3","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"94635a9e89786a04223758670bd07323015d94c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3297222,"id":"Q3297222"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"ddfd06777b5fa015b6831b25248873cff308f53f","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7511776685714722","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1279513$F9A615DE-1385-4955-9A2C-4CCAF0F16359","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cdc702df72e8f1e81e7bb13e43e5a4a91706e0c3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5124091,"id":"Q5124091"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"caad13b7dd1f1893ea5617dd3bd02c8b962a1243","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7469068765640259","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1279513$DFE79907-8807-4C2D-A18F-6CFC379F90E0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"48656c43fe7f4b450c320e67f0e9f53a3c4bd87c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5171466,"id":"Q5171466"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"291a06289e40f5a6898a876e9fc9c3679cd091b5","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7421408295631409","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1279513$3EA5AFEE-5071-457B-A464-C87F3D7F78D1","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"01670eeadff3dbf0788efcc2aba503aacf0ff775","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3221926,"id":"Q3221926"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"440c9c72a5a98a985d5c0bf928104308d0ec6618","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.7316269278526306","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"a327a09ea0305e98d5cf33bd4036320e19f2aed0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6821328,"id":"Q6821328"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1279513$26432694-C131-4AB8-AB4D-02B7667D8B47","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"Leibniz's dynamics and optics","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/Leibniz%27s_dynamics_and_optics"}}}}}