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Let \\(f,g\\in C^1(a,b)\\) for some \\(a<0<b\\), assume \\(O(0,0)\\) is a center. Let \\(T\\) be the period function, and define: \\(g_n(x)=g(x)-g'(0)x\\), \\(\\sigma(x) \\triangleq 2x^2f(x)\\int^x_0 sf(s)ds-4(\\int^x_0 sf(s)ds)^2+ x^3g_n(x)-x^4g_n'(x) \\). Assume \\(xC(x)>0\\) in a punctured neighborhood of 0, then:   1) if \\(\\sigma(x) \\leq 0\\) \\((\\geq 0)\\) in a neighborhood of 0, then \\(T\\) is decreasing (increasing) in a neighborhood of \\(O\\).   2) if \\(\\sigma(x)\\equiv 0\\) in a neighborhood of \\(0\\), then \\(T\\) is constant in a neighborhood of \\(O\\). In case 2), take \\(C(x)\\equiv x\\), define: \\(\\tau(x) \\triangleq\\left(\\int^x_0 sf(s)ds \\right)^2-x^3 g_n(x)\\).   Theorem 2. Let \\(f,g\\) be analytic, \\(g\\) odd, \\(f(0)=g(0)=0\\), \\(g'(0)>0\\). Then \\(O\\) is a center if and only if \\(f\\) is odd, and 1) \\(T\\) is strictly decreasing (increasing) in a neighborhood of \\(O\\) if and only if \\(\\tau(x)\\) has a maximum (minimum) at 0.   2) \\(O\\) is an isochronous center if and only if \\(\\tau(x)\\equiv 0\\).   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