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In the case of the Laplace-Beltrami branching diffusion in two-dimensional hyperbolic space, \\textit{S. P. Lalley} and \\textit{T. Sellke} [Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 108, No. 2, 171-192 (1997; Zbl 0883.60092)] found a surprising discontinuity in the Hausdorff dimension of this set in dependence on the fission rate of the process. In the present paper this result is generalized in two directions: a more general class of branching processes (in discrete and continuous time) and also hyperbolic spaces of higher dimensions are considered. The following geometric phase transition is shown: either the Hausdorff dimension of the limiting set is in the interval \\((0,(d-1)/2)\\), namely in the subcritical case, or it is full, i.e. equal to \\(d-1\\), namely in the supercritical case. Pictorially, if one fixes a process and increases the fission rate from \\(0\\) to infinity, the Hausdorff dimension increases continuously from \\(0\\) to \\((d-1)/2\\) and at the critical value jumps to 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