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Let \\(S\\) be a multiplicatively closed set of nonzero central elements of \\(K[G]\\) and, if \\(K\\) is absolute, assume that \\(S\\) contains an element not in \\(K\\). This paper obtains necessary and sufficient conditions for the localization \\(K[G]_S\\) to be a primitive ring. Specifically, the criterion is: (1) \\(A=K\\langle S,S^{-1}\\rangle\\) is a \\(G\\)-domain, (2) \\((Q(ZK[G]):Q(A))\\) is finite, and (3) \\(J(K[G]_S)=0\\), where the semiprimitivity condition (3) is needed only when \\(G\\) is Abelian-by-finite. 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