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This paper deals with the following conjecture: Any weakly harmonic map of finite energy from \\(M\\) to \\(N\\) is smooth provided that there are no harmonic spheres \\(S^l\\) in \\(N\\), for \\(2\\leq l\\leq m-1\\). Consider the penalized energy: \\(I_\\varepsilon(u)= \\int_M\\left({1\\over 2} |Du|^2+{F(u)\\over \\varepsilon^2}\\right) dx\\), where \\(F\\) is a smooth function of \\(u\\) such that \\(F(p)= \\text{dist}^2(p, N)\\) if \\(\\text{dist}(p, N)\\leq \\delta\\); or \\(=4\\delta^2\\) if \\(\\text{dist}(p, N)\\geq 2\\delta\\). Here \\(N\\) is viewed as a submanifold of \\(R^k\\) and \\(\\delta\\) is chosen so that \\(\\text{dist}^2(p, N)\\) is smooth for \\(p\\in \\{p:\\text{dist}(P, N)\\leq 2\\delta\\}\\). In this paper, the authors use the gradient flow of \\(I_\\varepsilon(\\cdot)\\) to derive theorems similar to \\textit{R. Schoen} and \\textit{K. Uhlenbeck} [J. Differ. Geom. 17, 307-335 (1982; Zbl 0521.58021)] and \\textit{F. H. Lin} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, S\u00e9r. I 323, No. 9, 1005-1008 (1996; Zbl 0871.58029)], and thus recover the \\textit{J. Eells} and \\textit{J. H. Sampson's} theorem [Am. J. Math. 86, 109-160 (1964; Zbl 0122.40102)].   The main results of this paper are as follows:   First, consider solutions of \\((*)\\) \\(\\Delta u_\\varepsilon+{1\\over \\varepsilon^2}f(u_\\varepsilon)= 0\\) in \\(B_1\\). (A) Let \\(\\varepsilon_i\\downarrow 0\\), and \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\) be a sequence of solutions of \\((*)\\) with \\(I_{\\varepsilon_i}(u_{\\varepsilon_i})\\leq K<\\infty\\), and \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\to u\\) weakly in \\(H^1(B_1)\\). Suppose that there is no harmonic \\(S^2\\) in \\(N\\). Then \\(e(u_{\\varepsilon_i})\\equiv \\left({1\\over 2}|Du_{\\varepsilon_i}|^2+ {1\\over \\varepsilon^2_i} F(u_{\\varepsilon_i})\\right) dx\\rightharpoonup{1\\over 2}|Du|^2 dx\\), as Radon measures. In particular, \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\to u\\) strongly in \\(H^1_{\\text{loc}}(B_1)\\), and \\(\\int_{B_1} {1\\over \\varepsilon^2_i} F(u_{\\varepsilon_i}) dx\\to 0\\). (B) Under the assumption that there is no harmonic \\(S^2\\) in \\(N\\), the map \\(u\\) obtained in (A) is a stationary harmonic map. In particular, the singular set of \\(u\\) has Hausdorff dimension at most \\(m-4\\). If, in addition, \\(N\\) has no harmonic \\(S^l\\) for \\(3\\leq l\\leq m-1\\), then \\(u\\) is smooth and \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\to u\\) in \\(C^k\\) norm, for any \\(k\\geq 1\\).   Next, consider solutions of \\((**)\\) \\(\\partial_t u_\\varepsilon-\\Delta u_\\varepsilon-{1\\over \\varepsilon^2} f(u_\\varepsilon)= 0\\), in \\(B_1\\times (0,1)\\). (C) Let \\(\\varepsilon_i\\downarrow 0\\), \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\) be a sequence of solutions of \\((**)\\) with \\(\\int_{B_1\\times [0,1]}(|\\partial_t u_{\\varepsilon_i}|^2+ e(u_{\\varepsilon_i})) dx dt\\leq K< \\infty\\). Suppose that there is no harmonic \\(S^2\\) in \\(N\\), and \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\to u\\) weakly in \\(H^1(B_1\\times (0,1))\\). Then \\(e(u_{\\varepsilon_i}) dx dt\\rightharpoonup{1\\over 2}|Du|^2 dx dt\\), as Radon measures. In particular, \\(u_{\\varepsilon_i}\\to u\\) strong in \\(H^1_{\\text{loc}}(B_1\\times (0,1))\\). The limit map \\(u\\) is a weak solution of the equation \\(\\partial_t u= \\tau(u)\\) in \\(M\\times R_+\\), where \\(\\tau(u)\\) is the stress tension-field of \\(u\\), with \\({\\mathcal P}^m(\\text{sing}(u))= 0\\), and \\(u\\) satisfies both, energy inequality and monotonicity inequality. Here \\({\\mathcal P}^m\\) denotes the \\(m\\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure with respect to the parabolic metric in \\(R^{m+1}\\). Moreover, some connections between critical points of \\(I_\\varepsilon(\\cdot)\\) and weakly harmonic maps from \\(M\\) into \\(N\\) are established.   Finally, the authors propose the following questions: For a compact, smooth Riemannian manifold \\(N\\), are there any quasi-harmonic \\(S^l\\), \\(l\\geq 3\\), of finite energy? 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