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For \\(\\alpha\\in GF(q^ n)\\), a basis of the form \\((\\alpha, \\alpha^ q,\\cdots, \\alpha^{q^{n-1}})\\) is called a normal basis of \\(GF(q^ n)\\) over \\(GF(q)\\). Given a basis \\(B= (\\alpha_ 0,\\cdots, \\alpha_{n-1})\\) the unique dual basis \\(C=(\\gamma_ 0, \\cdots, \\gamma_{n-1})\\) is determined by \\(\\text{Tr} (\\alpha_ i, \\gamma_ j)= \\delta_{ij}\\) for \\(i,j=0,1, \\cdots, n-1\\), where Tr denotes the trace function from \\(GF(q^ n)\\) to \\(GF(q)\\) defined by \\(\\text{Tr}(\\beta)= \\beta+ \\beta^ q+\\cdots+ \\beta^{q^{n-1}}\\). The basis \\(B\\) is said to be trace-orthogonal if \\(\\text{Tr}(\\alpha_ i, \\alpha_ j)=0\\) whenever \\(i\\neq j\\). When \\(q=2\\) note that a basis \\(B\\) is trace-orthogonal if and only if \\(B\\) is self-dual.   A number of important results are obtained in this paper concerning trace-orthogonal bases of finite fields. These results include the fact that any trace-orthogonal basis is equivalent (differs only by multiplication by a nonzero element of the base field \\(GF(q)\\)) to a self- dual basis. Several characterizations of trace-orthogonal normal bases are given. Also determined are all trace-orthogonal optimal normal bases. A product construction is given for constructing a trace-orthogonal basis of \\(GF(q^{mn})\\) from such bases in the fields \\(GF(q^ m)\\) and \\(GF(q^ n)\\). In particular, if \\(\\alpha\\) and \\(\\beta\\) generate normal bases \\(A\\) and \\(B\\) of \\(GF(q^ m)\\) and \\(GF(q^ n)\\) over \\(GF(q)\\) where \\(m\\) and \\(n\\) are relatively prime, then \\(\\alpha\\beta\\) generates a normal basis of \\(GF(q^{mn})\\) over \\(GF(q)\\). Moreover if both \\(A\\) and \\(B\\) are trace- orthogonal so is the basis generated by \\(\\alpha\\beta\\). Finally the complexity of the trace-orthogonal normal product basis is the product of the complexities(!) of each component.   This is an excellent paper describing a number of very useful and important results concerning trace-orthogonal normal bases of finite 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