{"entities":{"Q1320196":{"pageid":1330946,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q1320196","lastrevid":68583039,"modified":"2026-04-13T00:43:13Z","type":"item","id":"Q1320196","labels":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"On \\(K_ 1\\) of an abelian category"}},"descriptions":{"en":{"language":"en","value":"scientific article; zbMATH DE number 554221"}},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P31":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P31","hash":"fd5912e4dab4b881a8eb0eb27e7893fef55176ad","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":56887,"id":"Q56887"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$B316D188-4D58-42A3-98AA-9671415E3F70","rank":"normal"}],"P159":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P159","hash":"c5de13f641f12adda7138aba109d74bca7cee6a2","datavalue":{"value":{"text":"On \\(K_ 1\\) of an abelian category","language":"en"},"type":"monolingualtext"},"datatype":"monolingualtext"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$254C36DC-6CDD-4206-ADE4-FC88CCFB96F3","rank":"normal"}],"P225":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P225","hash":"7a14973d701b2fa4c4bb93ea4063659218dffa41","datavalue":{"value":"0798.19001","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$ECAFA72E-5563-41AD-9B27-3F769A5B4683","rank":"normal"}],"P200":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P200","hash":"93541bb195a0809b1f249396bcebe99d047e6b6c","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":161561,"id":"Q161561"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$B2F8B7E7-C1AD-4D02-A0D9-A4C9F82E4EBC","rank":"normal"}],"P28":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P28","hash":"984246259ef39e1986d26ac7775e6cceef3e99e4","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+1994-10-31T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727"},"type":"time"},"datatype":"time"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$0514EB62-0E31-4F90-A34A-DBEDDCD4FBDB","rank":"normal"}],"P1448":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1448","hash":"bad88329ccec6fb2679af201027e8fa46fcc257f","datavalue":{"value":"Let \\({\\mathcal C}\\) be an exact category. After Quillen its higher \\(K\\)-groups are defined as  \\[ K_ i({\\mathcal C})\\colon = \\pi_{i+1} (BQ({\\mathcal C}),0) \\]  where \\(Q({\\mathcal C})\\) is a certain category naturally associated to \\({\\mathcal C}\\), and \\(BQ({\\mathcal C})\\) is its classifying space. Due to Gillet and Grayson the \\(H\\)-space \\(G({\\mathcal C})\\colon = \\Omega BQ({\\mathcal C})\\) can be described explicitly as the geometric realization of a simplicial monoid \\(g({\\mathcal C})\\) with \\(q\\)-simplices  \\[ \\Delta_ q\\colon = \\{(K_ 0 \\hookrightarrow \\cdots \\hookrightarrow K_ q, L_ 0 \\hookrightarrow \\cdots\\hookrightarrow L_ q,\\;\\Phi_{ij}\\colon\\;K_ j/K_ i \\simeq L_ j/L_ i)\\} \\]  consisting of pairs of strings of admissible monomorphisms in \\({\\mathcal C}\\) together with compatible systems of isomorphisms identifying the corresponding subquotients. The simplicial structure is the obvious one, addition is induced by taking direct sums and the inversion by interchanging the two strings. From this it is clear that elements in  \\[ K_ 1({\\mathcal C})= \\pi_ 1(G({\\mathcal C}),0)= \\pi_ 1(| g({\\mathcal C})|, 0) \\]  can be represented by diagrams of pairs of objects in \\({\\mathcal C}\\) which correspond to closed loops in \\(| g({\\mathcal C})|\\). The minimal size of the diagram representing a class in \\(K_ 1\\) cannot be predicted a priori in general.   It can be bounded however if \\({\\mathcal C}\\) happens to be an abelian category as the author shows in this note. Explicitly, his result is the following: Let \\({\\mathcal C}\\) be an abelian category. Let  \\[ 0\\to A\\to X\\to C\\to 0 \\qquad \\text{and} \\qquad 0\\to B\\to Y\\to D\\to 0 \\]  be a pair of exact sequences in \\({\\mathcal C}\\), and let \\(\\Theta\\colon A\\oplus C\\oplus Y\\to B\\oplus D\\oplus X\\) be an isomorphism. Then the loop  \\[ (0,0)\\to (A,A)\\to (A\\oplus C\\oplus Y, X\\oplus Y)\\to (B\\oplus D\\oplus X, Y\\oplus X)\\leftarrow (B,B)\\leftarrow (0,0) \\]  in \\(| g({\\mathcal C})|\\) passing through the indicated vertices and following the edges given by inclusion of the pair of objects of the source into the pair of objects of the target of an arrow defines an element of \\(K_ 1({\\mathcal C})\\), and every element of this group is obtained in the described way.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$29B4D7B2-1484-49FC-8868-E1D3F6A52945","rank":"normal"}],"P1447":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1447","hash":"b10403038f96ebe277a0693bcc5a27aca029f2e5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":166163,"id":"Q166163"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$E2EFDF8B-5DD8-4B43-A339-8E110D8115FA","rank":"normal"}],"P226":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"b8cc78dc41312ffff31886db11a6c5d273995467","datavalue":{"value":"19D06","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$5B76753E-4C4A-499F-A656-E36F40A394B9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P226","hash":"236f8dc644a7bd6fe263e5304b58c4d554297222","datavalue":{"value":"18E10","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$ABDBA2B0-2AE2-45A0-95AD-B65D0E518422","rank":"normal"}],"P1451":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1451","hash":"9be3ea9e6055234847e9a062d15c50872faedae3","datavalue":{"value":"554221","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$6D463293-B1BF-481F-BC2D-FCDD3D1277B8","rank":"normal"}],"P1450":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"b1916ca1f9a3ff15d27407bda17e4f4b7661a453","datavalue":{"value":"\\(Q\\)-construction","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$6F56C5B7-F0F6-41AE-AA83-0E0FBC3A0439","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1450","hash":"13e30b077a21ebe4d867921423f07bd18818ddb2","datavalue":{"value":"higher \\(K\\)-groups","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$1E14B417-DABB-4A3A-B3F8-653E49FEFE85","rank":"normal"}],"P16":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P16","hash":"1ebe552286b31a7e8accbff2f769197e04b4f6f0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1241565,"id":"Q1241565"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$A13683CD-B839-4E74-8732-06E6FAF0D47A","rank":"normal"}],"P1460":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1460","hash":"57f7fea50d2ce1b39b695c4a1313582eed405e38","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5976449,"id":"Q5976449"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$5BA49C65-3B71-4116-8C9C-EDA8D9213EB2","rank":"normal"}],"P205":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P205","hash":"5ad3063a8c6af61cda8ef04698e3a8165593df40","datavalue":{"value":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jabr.1994.1032","type":"string"},"datatype":"url"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$44604F9B-1375-465A-B590-2C8AB7465A63","rank":"normal"}],"P388":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P388","hash":"8b655a94fe4011576274b2bc40c65868cdf42a4a","datavalue":{"value":"W2070925040","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$6A0B296A-315B-4B58-90AC-D99E142685FB","rank":"normal"}],"P27":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P27","hash":"d9340b01e8ac6db6ff80ce4d854eca2180eec35d","datavalue":{"value":"10.1006/JABR.1994.1032","type":"string"},"datatype":"external-id"},"type":"statement","id":"Q1320196$75461CC7-4E2D-42B5-8252-D6B5429C6980","rank":"normal"}],"P1643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"3672a552fb48f02b902675f48cf3087e7add1e9d","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1386677,"id":"Q1386677"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"51e0ff31774a20a5084e788d4fb517ab9469cf87","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9284215","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$A9CAFBCE-536E-4BA8-8B6A-F90DA4B1B71B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f402457bef4538d26475de4a60849b82521365a2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3717255,"id":"Q3717255"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"2d6aa3da70ef702505cda9891e2d1e455eb00dcb","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9181471","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$437C77E4-0CB0-4252-A3C9-D96D2DC32B4B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"1e31dd35dac36dc2c80820fedcdcef25817f8a7b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3545871,"id":"Q3545871"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6cb256d01e9cbbd2a8a48da58b876d9c34a44103","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9177621","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$9E194D92-A5A2-4579-A64B-8FEA2B6654E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"42cc67e71318ec14f838f459f98ce7544dee79bc","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2258616,"id":"Q2258616"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"a4108bbbb6c5eff9fee9a4bcfc81ccbb4eaa3867","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.9052059","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$925113A9-C222-45EE-84E5-8CFF7DAA4DA7","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f66374f138c3b0755c825b8824c8b9e75e246f32","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":2300472,"id":"Q2300472"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"6b687956112b24e29f70f6e887eee15ae8510fab","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8997493","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$FC584F69-78D1-4A37-A354-04F9418C0C55","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"f294a7ffefd00693c412c45e2a047da807cb316b","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":641883,"id":"Q641883"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"9b319007a08cc588d56dd3fdc594cc1fdda59b05","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8983563","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$14DF9A04-5D71-453C-933C-2214DE3E28CF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6b500e195e72518697ccbdd97e8786c2aa1aecd7","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3001791,"id":"Q3001791"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"7cc34961dc91ed104bc89d5fa6406e7401545961","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89665926","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$9B56C226-21CD-4D9D-AEFB-016794C1AE61","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"cef9398089675c19e43a86fbf45f47518b3af0a3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3435925,"id":"Q3435925"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"3321468d8f41c4e7faed6840d38715c2dd26c984","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8946218","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$707A14DC-1884-4A17-B14B-365B7810B15C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"6b101b168470841f91b83a30ca73bba7af34d985","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":5401350,"id":"Q5401350"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b14e751ec21648f43dd2821eb3af29a425ba5c26","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.89405483","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$B85CF607-6087-435F-A534-B932E292C6E9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1643","hash":"5f9a6e4bce774f02cfb46ad2b7c68008d6072312","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":3646432,"id":"Q3646432"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P1659":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1659","hash":"b8f7ba9ffe09e41c338973d6ccf9fdc8c4842959","datavalue":{"value":{"amount":"+0.8920195","unit":"1"},"type":"quantity"},"datatype":"quantity"}],"P1660":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P1660","hash":"ac3c626774dcd0d16f89557f66586245841a01db","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":6767936,"id":"Q6767936"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P1659","P1660"],"id":"Q1320196$D21BC795-A576-404C-8F17-02D5CF9CF7F5","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{"mardi":{"site":"mardi","title":"On \\(K 1\\) of an abelian category","badges":[],"url":"https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/wiki/On_%5C(K_1%5C)_of_an_abelian_category"}}}}}