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Refining combinatorial methods due to \\textit{G. G. Lorentz} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 5, 838-841 (1954; Zbl 0056.039)] and \\textit{P. Erd\u0151s} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 5, 847-853 (1954; Zbl 0056.270)], the authors prove that for all \\(A>0\\) there exists a set \\({\\mathcal P}'\\subseteq {\\mathcal P}\\) such that  \\[ |\\{p\\leq x,\\;p\\in{\\mathcal P}'\\} |\\ll_ A (\\log x)^ 2, \\]  for all even numbers \\(n\\leq x\\) with at most \\(O(x(\\log x)^{-A})\\) exceptions, the equation \\(n=p+ p'\\) can be solved with \\(p\\in{\\mathcal P}\\) and \\(p'\\in{\\mathcal P}'\\), and for all sufficiently large odd \\(n\\) the equation \\(n=p_ 1+ p_ 2+ p'\\) can be solved with \\(p_ 1\\), \\(p_ 2\\in{\\mathcal P}\\) and \\(p'\\in{\\mathcal P}'\\). Following, \\textit{H. L. Montgomery} and \\textit{R. C. 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