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Theorem. Denote by \\(\\pi_{n-1}\\) the set of all algebraic polynomials of degree \\(n-1\\). Let \\(\\beta\\geq -{1\\over 2}\\), \\(\\gamma\\geq -{1\\over 2}\\) and \\(\\alpha>0\\). Then the extremal problem  \\[ \\min_{p\\in \\pi_{n-1}} \\int^ 1_{-1} (1+ x)^ \\beta (1- x)^ \\gamma| x^ n+ p(x)|^ \\alpha dx \\]  has unique solution \\(p^*\\). And \\(x^ n+ p^*(x)\\) has \\(n\\) simple zeros in \\((-1,1)\\). This shows the existence and uniqueness of the polynomial of minimal deviation in the metric of \\(L_ \\alpha\\) with respect to the Jacobi weights \\((1+ x)^ \\beta(1- x)^ \\gamma\\), \\(\\beta\\geq -{1\\over 2}\\), \\(\\gamma\\geq- {1\\over 2}\\). When \\(\\beta, \\gamma\\geq 0\\) this conclusion follows from the result of \\textit{A. Kro\u00f3} and \\textit{E. B. Saff} [Lond. Math. Soc. 37, 182-192 (1988; Zbl 0634.41024)] which applies to a general class of weights.   In order to prove the theorem, the author first finds the following solution (Theorem 1.1) for an extremal problem concerning trigonometric functions: For \\(\\alpha_ i> 0\\), \\(i= 0,1,\\dots,l\\) there exists a unique \\(s= (s_ 1,\\dots, s_ l)\\) such that  \\[ \\Phi(s)= \\min\\bigl\\{\\Phi(t): t= (t_ 1,\\dots, t_ l),\\;-\\pi\\leq t_ 1\\leq\\cdots\\leq t_ l\\leq \\pi\\bigr\\}, \\]  where \\(\\Phi(t)= \\int^ \\pi_{-\\pi} \\left|\\cos{x\\over 2}\\right|^{\\alpha_ 0} \\prod^ l_{i=1} \\left|\\sin{x- t_ i\\over 2}\\right|^{\\alpha_ i} dx\\). And this \\(s\\) satisfies \\(-\\pi< s_ 1< \\cdots< s_ l< \\pi\\). In solving this extremal problem an argument of topological degree of mappings is 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