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B. Frenkel}, \\textit{Y.-Z. Huang} and \\textit{J. Lepowsky}, On axiomatic approaches to vertex operator algebras and modules, Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 494 (1993; Zbl 0789.17022)]. (As usual, \\(Y(v,z)\\) denotes the vertex operator associated with a vector \\(v\\) in \\(V\\), \\(L(n)\\), \\(n \\in \\mathbb Z\\), denote elements of the Virasoro algebra \\(\\text{Vir}\\) and (in what follows) \\(V = \\oplus_{n \\in \\mathbb Z} V_{(n)}\\) is a \\(\\mathbb Z\\)-grading defined by \\(L(0)\\).) From the definition it easily follows (by choosing \\(u\\) to be a vacuum vector \\textbf{1} and by taking coefficients of \\(z^ 0)\\) that a symmetric invariant form \\((-,-)\\) on \\(V\\) is uniquely determined by the linear functional \\(f\\) on \\(V_{(0)}\\) defined by \\(f(w) = (\\mathbf{1}, w)\\).   One of the main results of the paper under review states that a linear functional \\(f\\) on \\(V_{(0)}\\) determines a symmetric invariant bilinear form if and only if \\(L(1)V_{(1)} \\subset \\ker f\\). Moreover, the author obtains decompositions \\(V_{(0)} = QP_{(0)} \\oplus L(1)V_{(1)}\\) in the case when \\(V\\) is generated by quasi-primary vectors and \\(V_{(0)} = P_{(0)} \\oplus L(1)V_{(1)}\\) in the case when \\(V\\) is completely reducible as a \\(\\text{Vir}\\)-module, and in either case defines a particular symmetric invariant bilinear form \\(B(-,-)\\). Then an analogue of Cartan's criterion holds: \\(V\\) is semisimple if and only if \\(B(-,-)\\) is 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